牛津大学研究生教材-原子物理学（习题答案）

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1、AtomicPhysics(OUP2005)highenoughresolutionbutinpracticemea-surementsarelimitedbyDopplerbroadeningC.J.Foot,Oxford,9February2005(eqn6.38);(a)isotopeshiftisfullyresolved,(b)¯nestructureisjustresolved,and(c)theChapter1Lambshiftcannotberesolved.(1.1)0:18nm(2.6)(a)vacuumultraviolet,0.45ns,and(b)nearinfr

2、a-red,450ns(usingeqn1.24).(1.2)Balmerseriesinhydrogenandtransitionston=4shellinHe+.Energy/Z2=n2.Lines(2.10)(c)IradIang=0:28a0(tobechecked).ofsimilarwavelengthshowisotopeshift:wave-(d)Bulgeinxy-planerotatingaroundthez-lengthratioH/Heis1:0004(equaltoratioofaxis.reducedmassesgivenbyeqn1.13).(e)¼-tran

3、sitionsrelatedtolineardipoleoscil-latingalongz-axis.¾-transitionsrelatedtocir-(1.3)Fromeqns1.17and1.18:cularmotioninxy-plane.®2¢E=2E:(2.13)Excitationton=5;l=4con¯gurationandnsubsequentdecayton=4;l=3;n=3;l=2;Then=2shellhasE=hcR1=3:4eV,hencen=2;l=1.(Lyman-®notdetected.)¢E=4:5£10¡5eVwhichrequiresreso

4、lutiongreaterthanE=¢E=75000=4=®2.Chapter3(1.5)K-absorptionedges:Mn6:54keV;Fe7:11keV.(3.1)(b)Bindingenergyofanelectron,4£13:6=Goodcontrastat6:8keV.[datafromhttp:54:4eV.(c)Forgivenseparationtherepulsive//www-structure.llnl.gov/xray/elements.html]energyequalsthebindingenergysoestimated(1.6)www.physic

5、s.ox.ac.uk/history.aspI.E.wouldbezero;thisisnotasmallpertur-?page=Exhibit10bationandtherepulsiveenergyneedstobecalculatedmorecarefullyasdescribedinthe(1.7)M-shellabsorptionisabout3:8keV(seeEx1.5)text.(Clearlythemeanseparationisgreaterwhichimplies¾M'32,butanyreasonablethanr.)(d)Ignoringrepulsion,bi

6、ndingenergyguessisacceptable.Estimaterelativisticef-is142£13:6=2667eV(whichis11%higherfectstobeafew%,orhigher.thanexpt.)Includingrepulsion(proportionaltoZ)gives2286eV(whichisa5%lowerthan(1.9)7:9£104Kexpt.)Therepulsionislessimportantforhigh-Zatoms(relativetotheattractiontothenu-(1.10)¹BB=14GHzforB=

7、1T.Lightofwave-14cleus).length¸=600nmhasf=5£10Hz,hence¢f=f=3£10¡5.Earth's¯eldisabout¡5Chapter45£10T(intheUK).(4.1)1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d104f145s25p65d10Chapter26s26p67s(2.2)Applyladderoperator.(4.2)Listinasc