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1、BeyondKeywords:TheRevolutioninSearchJoeBuzzanga,MBA,MLS,MASeniorProductManager,IEEEIntroductionInadigitalworldsearchisessential,pervasive,ubiquitousandceaseless.Yet,searchremainsunsatisfyinginmanyways.Whyisthisthecase?Whenwesearch,we’reafterananswer.Buttoday’ssearchenginesdon’tha
2、veenoughintelligencetoprovideanswers.They’realsonotadvancedenoughtointerpretnaturallyphrasedqueriesandunderstandtheambiguitiesofordinarylanguage.Andsowetypeinkeywordsandgetlinksorlistsofresultsthataremoreorlessrelevantdependingonthetypeofsearch,ourqueryandthecompetenceofthesearch
3、engine.Thereisalwaysafurtherstepwhenwehavetoselectanitemfromaresultsetandassessit.Hopefully,theanswereventuallyemerges,buttherearenoguarantees.Theultimatesearchenginewoulddirectlyanswerourquery.Perhapsitwouldevenanticipateourqueryandpresenttheanswerbeforeweevenask.Toanswerus,thes
4、earchenginewouldneedtounderstandourquery,ourcontextandthecorpusofknowledgeatitsdisposal—inshort,itwouldneedArtificialIntelligence(AI).TheproblemofsearchultimatelyresolvestoaproblemofAI.AdeepAIsearchengineremainsafuturisticvisionforthemostpart.Butsearchtechnologyisadvancingrapidly
5、andrecentinnovationsarebeginningtoovercomethelimitationsoftheconventionalkeywordquery/resultlistmodel.Searchisreflectingglimmersofsomethingresembling“meaning”or“intelligence”.Meaninginsearchisemergingalongthreerelateddimensions.First,meaninginthesenseofenormousknowledgebasesthatp
6、rovideafoundationforsupplyingdirectanswerstoqueries.Second,meaninginthesenseofsemanticunderstandingautomaticallyderivedfromunlabeleddocumentcollectionsthroughmachinelearningalgorithms.Third,actionablemeaningintheguiseofintelligentpersonalassistantsthatprovidedeeplycontextualsearc
7、htriggeredthroughanatural,conversationalinterface.TheBuildingBlocksofSearch:ClassicInformationRetrievalModernsearchenginesareapplicationsofthetechnologiesdevelopedinthefieldmoreformallyknownasInformationRetrieval.Inthispaperwetreatsearchandinformationretrievalassynonymousconcepts
8、.Tounderstandtherevolutioninsearch,wenee
