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1、结构力学试题及答案一.是非题(将判断结果填入括弧:以O表示正确,X表示错误)(本大题分4小题,共11分)1.(本小题3分)图示结构中DE杆的轴力FNDE=FP/3。().aaaaFPED2.(本小题4分)用力法解超静定结构时,只能采用多余约束力作为基本未知量。()3.(本小题2分)力矩分配中的传递系数等于传递弯矩与分配弯矩之比,它与外因无关。()4.(本小题2分)用位移法解超静定结构时,基本结构超静定次数一定比原结构高。()二.选择题(将选中答案的字母填入括弧内)(本大题分5小题,共21分)1(本小题6分)图示结构EI=常数,截面A右侧的弯矩为:()A.;B.;C.;D.。Fp/2M2a2aa
2、aaaAFp/2Fp/2Fp/2FpFp2.(本小题4分)图示桁架下弦承载,下面画出的杆件内力影响线,此杆件是:()A.ch;B.ci;C.dj;D.cj.locatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame第29页共30页adcebfghiklFP=
3、11j3.(本小题4分)图a结构的最后弯矩图为:A.图b;B.图c;C.图d;D.都不对。()(a)(b)(c)(d)M/43M/4M/43M/43M/4M/4M/8M/2EIEIM4.(本小题4分)用图乘法求位移的必要条件之一是:A.单位荷载下的弯矩图为一直线;B.结构可分为等截面直杆段;C.所有杆件EI为常数且相同;D.结构必须是静定的。()5.(本小题3分)图示梁A点的竖向位移为(向下为正):()A.FPl/(24EI);B.FPl/(!6EI);C.5FPl/(96EI);D.5FPl/(48EI).Al/2l/2EI2EIFP三(本大题5分)对图示体系进行几何组成分析。located
4、intheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame第29页共30页四(本大题9分)图示结构B支座下沉4mm,各杆EI=2.0×105kN·m2,用力法计算并作M图。B6m4m△=4mm五(本大题11分)用力矩分配法计算图示结构,并作M图。EI=常数。FPFP六(本
5、大题14分)已知图示结构,求B点的水平位移。2m4m4m2EIEI2EI2EIBq七(本大题14分)用位移法作图示结构M图,各杆线刚度均为i,各杆长为l。qABCDlocatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame第29页共30页八.(本大题15分)
6、用力法作图结构的M图.EI=常数.ll2ql2EIEIEIEIEI2q一.是非题1.(X);2.(X);3.(O);4.(O)二.选择题1(A)2.(B)3.(A)4.(B)5.(C)三图示体系为具有一个多余约束的几何不变体系四求解过程如下所示X1△=4mm6B200/9基本体系单位弯矩图最终弯矩图BB240602080261五因为结构对称、荷载对称,因此可取半结构如下,计算过程及弯矩图如下图FPl/16FPl/8FPl/2FPl/2FPl/8FP0.50.5m00.5-0.5-0.25000.1250.1250.062500.5-0.5-0.1250.1250.0625六单位和荷载弯矩图为l
7、ocatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame第