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1、学校代码:10184学号:2074010042延边大学本 科 毕 业 论 文本科毕业设计(题目:延边地区水文特性分析学生姓名:学院:专业:班级:指导教师:15摘要根据1956-2009年延边地区的降水、蒸发、径流、输沙量等数据,详细分析近50多年来延边地区的各项水文特性。通过Excel工具对收集的各项水资源数据进行大量整理、分析;利用photoshop等制图软件描绘延边朝鲜族自治州水资源四级分区图。运用定量和定性相结合的方法,测得全州多年平均降水量为640.1382mm,降水多集中在7、8月份,1、2、12月份降水量较少。全州多年平均蒸发量在981mm-1
2、308mm之间。蒸发量最多月份为4、5、6、7、8月份,蒸发量最少月份为1月、12月。全州多年平均径流量为115.5937亿m3,径流量年内分配不均,全州汛期(6-9月)径流量占全年径流量59.8%,冬季1、2月份河流有时会出现断流现象。延边州水资源量随季节性变化明显。根据延边地区水文特性,提出相关可行性建议:合理开发和规划天然水资源;从工业用水、农业用水、生活用水三方面落实提高用水效率;增强全民保护水资源意识,推广有效节水办法,增强全州人民爱护水资源的意识等。关键词:水资源量;降水;蒸发;径流量;洪涝灾害;水质现状;泥沙含量;水资源开发利用15Abstr
3、act1956-2009accordingtotheyanbianareaprecipitationandevaporation,runoffandsedimentdischargeandotherdata,adetailedanalysisofthepast50yearstheyanbianareahydrologicalcharacteristics.ThroughthecollectionofthetoolofExcelofwaterresourcesdatasorting,analysis;Usephotoshopetcdrawingsoftwar
4、edepictingyanbianKoreanprefecturewaterlevel4zoningmaps.Thequantitativeandqualitativemethodofcombiningthemeasuredformanyyears,theaveragerainfallforstatewide640.1382mm,precipitationarecenteredinJulyandAugust,1,2,Decemberprecipitationisless.Statewideaverage981mm-formanyyearsinbetween
5、1308mmevaporation.Evaporationinmostfor4,5,6,7,inAugust,theevaporationinJanuary,foratleast12months.Statewideaveragerunoff115.5937billionformanyyears,unevendistributionofrunoffyearsofm3,statewidefloodseason(6-9months)runoff59.8%,accountforrunoffwinterJanuaryandFebruaryriversometimes
6、appeartoflowphenomenon.Promotingtheseasonalchangesobviouslywithwaterquantity.Hydrologicalcharacteristicsinyanbianarea,accordingtoproposerelevantfeasibilitySuggestions:rationaldevelopmentandplanningonnaturalresources;Industrialwater,agriculturalwaterfromthreeaspects,domesticwateref
7、ficiency;implementingimprovewaterStrengthennationalwaterresourcesprotectionconsciousness,promoteeffectiveway,strengthenthewater-savingconsciousnessofpeople'scareforstatewidewateretc.Keywords:waterquantity,precipitationandevaporation,runoff,flooddisaster,waterqualitystatus,sediment
8、concentration,thewaterresourcesde