法律英语词汇总结

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1、主体attorney→主要用于美国，指代理当事人处理遗嘱检验等法律事务的律师，有时可与lawyer通用，泛指辩护律师。lawyer→普通用词，指精通法律规则并有权以法律代理人或顾问身份在法庭上执行法律或为委托人服务的人。counsel→指单独或集体为当事人提供咨询或出庭处理案件的法律顾问或律师。advocate→专指以罗马法律的基本法制的一些国家的(如苏格兰等)和一些特别法庭的律师；也可指出庭辩护的律师。主体bailiff执行官;法警;法庭监守courtreporter法院书记官Ajournalistwhosespecificpurposeistoreportwhatha

2、ppensincourt.defendant被告defenseattorney辩护律师districtattorney(orcrownprosecutor)美国地方检察官expertwitness鉴定人GrandJury大陪审团investigatingofficer调查官主体thejudge法官thejury陪审团thejuror陪审团成员theprosecutor（刑事案件）原告人theplaintiff(民事案件)原告人theprosecution原告及其代理律师；代表原告的律师theinjuredparty/victim被害人witness/eyewitness见

3、证人，目击者theaccused/defendant被告人thedefenselawyer/counselor被告辩护律师案件种类case案件acriminalcase刑事案件acivilcase民事案件破案：solveacriminalcasetobreakcasetocrackcase罪名criminalbehavior罪名guiltn.[Antonym]innocenceguiltyadj.[Antonym]innocentguiltyofacrime/chargeinnocentofacrime/chargecommitacrimeviolateacriminal

4、law罪名murder谋杀罪first-degreemurder(deliberately)一级谋杀罪；故意杀人罪manslaughter(notintentionally)一般杀人罪；过失杀人罪罪名forgery伪造罪sexualharassment性骚扰malfeasance渎职罪criminal:n.罪犯aconvictedcriminal：onewhohasbeenjudgedguiltyinacourtoflawahardenedcriminal：someonewhohascommittedmanycrimes罪名stabv.用刀具行凶，捅，刺stabsomeo

5、netodeath刺死flickknife/switchblade/knife弹簧刀mugv.=rob抢劫程序【逮捕】arrestpickup：toarrestsomeoneandtakethemawayinacar【调查】investigation*conductacriminalinvestigationinto*criminalproceedings刑事诉讼cross-examination盘问;严密询问程序【诉讼】findsomeoneguilty/notguiltyofsomethingtobechargedwith/tobeaccusedoftoaccuses

6、b.ofcertaincrimetochargesb.withcertaincrimebechargedwith(doing)sthtoprosecutesb.forsth.faceprosecutionovertobringaprosecutionagainstsb.对…提起诉讼escapeprosecution免于被起诉程序【法庭种类】acriminalcourt刑事法庭,acivilcourt民事法庭children’scourt少年法庭TheSupremeCourt最高法院【监督】supervise监督程序【作证】totestifyv.作证testifyfor/a

7、gainstsomeonetestimony证词proofdefiniteproofprovidetheproofpresenttheproof程序【作证】evidence证据，证物toidentify鉴别flimsy(借口、辩解等)浅薄的,不周密的accurateunshakableadj.不可动摇的self-contradiction自相矛盾alibin.不在场的证据程序【庭审】questionv.question/suspectsb’smotive【辩护】todefendsb为…辩护torefute反驳refutable