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ID:16079483
大小:1.07 MB
页数:158页
时间:2018-08-07
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1、SkinPathologyEpidermisiscomposedofstratifiedsquamousepitheliumwiththefollowinglayers:Stratumcorneum(anucleate,cornifiedcells)Stratumgranulosum(granularlayer)-squamouscellscontainingkeratohyalinegranulesStratumspinosum(pricklecelllayer)-squamouscellshaveprominentdes
2、mosomesStratumbasale(basalcelllayer)-stemcellsSkinPathologyMitoticactivityinnormalskinshouldbelimitedtothebasalportionoftheepitheliumMelaninissynthesizedinmelanocytesDerivedfromneuralcrestandlocatedinepidermisMelanosomesaretheorganellesthatsynthesizemelaninSkinPath
3、ologyMelaninsynthesisMelaninisformedwhentyrosinaseconvertstyrosineto3,4dihydroxyphenylalanine(DOPA)whichisthenpolymerizedintheGolgiapparatusintomembraneboundorganelles(melanosomes)Skincolorisbasedonthenumberandsizepluspackagingofmelanosomesincellsotherthantheonein
4、whichtheywereformedSkinPathology-MelaninMelaningranulesaretransferredbydendriticprocessesfrommelanocytestokeratinocytes-therethegranulesprotecttheskinfromUVlighteffectsBlackshavethesamenumberofmelanocytesaswhites,buttheirmelanosomesarelargerandmorenumerousandthecel
5、lshavemoredendriticprocessesBothsunlightandACTHstimulatemelaninsynthesisSkinPathologyLangerhanscells:antigen-processinghistiocyticcellslocatedintheepidermisthatcontainBirbeckgranules(sameasineosinophilicgranulomas)MerkelcellsNeuroendocrinecellsinthebasallayerofthee
6、pidermisthathaveneuroendocrinegranulesMayhavetactilefunctionSkinPathologyDefinitionsMaculeAcircumscribedareaofanysizecharacterizedbyitsflatnessandusuallydistinguishedfromsurroundingskinbyitscolorationPapuleElevatedsolidarea5mmorlessacrossNoduleElevatedsolidareagre
7、aterthan5mmacrossPlaqueElevatedflat-toppedarea,usuallygreaterthan5mmacrossSkinPathologyDefinitionsVesicleAfluid-filledraisedarea5mmorlessacrossBullaFluid-filledraisedareagreaterthan5mmacrossBlisterCommontermusedforvesicleorbullaPustuleDiscrete,pus-filledraisedarea
8、SkinPathologyDefinitionsWhealItchy,transient,elevatedareawithvariableblanchinganderythemaformedastheresultofdermaledemaScaleDry,horny,platelikee
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