污染场地修复作业

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1、NaturalAttenuationforsiteremediationTeam7宫秀臣、徐飞、戴江帆、董姣Contents12345Definition&processdescriptionAdvantages&DisadvantagesCost&EffectivenessConsiderationforapplicationExamplesBREADPPTDESIGNTechnologyDescriptionofNANaturalattenuation(NA)issimilartoenhancedbiodegradationinthatitreliesuponbacteriaunde

2、rgroundtobreakdownthepetroleumcontaminationinsoilandgroundwater.However,NAdoesnotuseinjectedoxygentostimulategrowthofbacteria.Instead,thenaturallyoccurringoxygenisused.Asaresult,thebacteriatendtogrowmoreslowlyandalsobreakdownthecontaminationmoreslowly.Groundwaterconcentrationsmustbemonitoredtoensur

3、ethatcleanupisproceedingandthatbacteriaarecontinuingbreakingdowncontamination.BREADPPTDESIGNDefinition&processofNANAisdefinedinthe1999OSWERDirectiveasfollows:therelianceonnaturalattenuationprocesses(withinthecontextofacarefullycontrolledandmonitoredsitecleanupapproach)toachievesitespecificremediati

4、onobjectiveswithinatimeframethatisreasonablecomparedtothatofferedbyothermoreactivemethods.Thenaturalattenuationprocessesthatareatworkinsucharemediationapproachincludeavarietyofphysical,chemicalorbiologicalprocessesthatunderfavorableconditions,actwithouthumaninterventiontoreducethemass,toxicity,mobi

5、lity,volume,orconcentrationofcontaminantsinsoilorgroundwater.Thesein-situprocessesincludebiodegradation;dispersion;dilution;sorption;volatilization;radioactivedecayandchemicalorbiologicalstabilization,transformationordestructionofcontaminants.BREADPPTDESIGNBREADPPTDESIGNHistoricaldevelopment•1985–A

6、lwaysaremedialalternative:EPAsaysitwasusedinSuperfundasearlyas1985•1988–GuidanceonRemedialActionsforContaminatedGroundWateratSuperfundSitesdiscussesnaturalattenuation,butmostlyasacomparisonstandardforactiveremediation.Naturalattenuationisnotencouraged.Begantobemorecommonplacewithrecognitionofintrac

7、tabilityofDNAPLcleanupsandinadequacyofpumpandtreattechnologySimultaneously,therewasincreasingrecognitionthatin-situprocesseswerecontainingorcleaningupcontamination.•1993-94–TwokeystudiesbyNationalResearchCo