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1、在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀,就可以构成一个新词。根据词缀的位置,分为前缀和后缀两种。1.表示否定意义“无,不”的前缀:un-unfair,unhappyin-inactive,inhuman,indirectdis-disagree,disappearim-impolite,impossibleil(l)-illegal2.表示程度、大小的前缀:super-superstar,supermarket,superman,superpowerover-overhead,overeat,overusemini-minibus,miniskirt,minicar
un
2、der-underground,underdevelop3.表示“再”的前缀:re-rewrite,reuse,recycle4.表示“向,背”的前缀:pro-Chinese,pro-American
anti-war(反战),anti-pollution5.表示“整个、完全”意思的前缀:al-表示“完整,完全”:alone,almost,
over-表示“完全,全”:overall,overflow(充满)*常见的后缀:1.–able表示“可能,易于,适合于”,
构成形容词,如:renewable,eatable(可吃的),lovable(可爱的),comfo
3、rtable,movable(可移动的)
2.–ful表示“充满...的,具有...性质的”,构成形容词,如:helpful,hopeful,powerful,useful,careful,beautiful
3.–less与-ful相反,表示“少的,不足的”,构成形容词,如:helpless,
hopeless,powerless,useless,careless*一些不改变词根的基本意义,而是改变了词性的后缀。1.动词变名词:-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement-a
4、larrival,refusal,approval-erteacher,worker-orvisitor,sailor,actor2.形容词变名词:-nesshappiness,meanness,carelessness-ityability,possibility-ismoptimism,criticism,pessimism3.名词、形容词变动词:-ifybeautify,simplify
-izerealize-enquicken,widen,sharpen
4.名词变形容词:-ywindy,rainy,sandy-ishfoolish,feverish-
5、somehandsome,troublesome-ousdangerous,humorous-fulhelpful,careful,peaceful
Makenewwords.JointhewordsinBoxAwiththepartsofwordsinBoxB.AcarecollectdonehopepossibleusualusedwantedwasteB-able-fulim--lessre-un-
fullofcare_______________canbecollected__________notdone__________fullofhope___
6、_________withoutanyhope_______notpossible_________notusual___________notused____________usedagain___________notwanted____________makingalotofwaste________答案:carefulcollectableundonehopefulhopelessimpossibleunusualunusedreusedunwantedwasteful轻松记忆构词法构词法是英语的重要内容之一。熟知构词法知识,能够快速记忆单词,扩大词汇量
7、,还能在阅读中破译生词,提高阅读能力。英语构词法一般有合成法、派生法、转化法三种。其中的派生法———利用前缀或后缀与词根一起构造新词。一、名词变为形容词1表示“自然”、“天气”等方面的名词多加-y构成形容词,部分抽象名词或时间名词加-ly。如:sun—sun-ny,wind—windy,ice—icy,fog—foggy,health—healthy,noise—noisy,thirst—thirsty,fun—funny;friend—friendly,love—lovely,day—daily,week—weekly,month—month-ly,year
8、—yearly2.-fu