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1、JavaandtheInternetIfJavais,infact,yetanothercomputerprogramminglanguage,youmayquestionwhyitissoimportantandwhyitisbeingpromotedasarevolutionarystepincomputerprogramming.Theanswerisn’timmediatelyobviousifyou’recomingfromatraditionalprogrammingperspective.AlthoughJavaisveryusefulforsolvingtraditiona
2、lstandaloneprogrammingproblems,itisalsoimportantbecauseitwillsolveprogrammingproblemsontheWorldWideWeb.WhatistheWeb?TheWebcanseemabitofamysteryatfirst,withallthistalkof“surfing,”“presence,”and“homepages.”It’shelpfultostepbackandseewhatitreallyis,buttodothisyoumustunderstandclient/serversystems,ano
3、theraspectofcomputingthat’sfullofconfusingissues.Client/ServercomputingTheprimaryideaofaclient/serversystemisthatyouhaveacentralrepositoryofinformation—somekindofdata,ofteninadatabase—thatyouwanttodistributeondemandtosomesetofpeopleormachines.Akeytotheclient/serverconceptisthattherepositoryofinfor
4、mationiscentrallylocatedsothatitcanbechangedandsothatthosechangeswillpropagateouttotheinformationconsumers.Takentogether,theinformationrepository,thesoftwarethatdistributestheinformationandthemachinewheretheinformationandsoftwareresideiscalledtheserver.Thesoftwarethatresidesontheremotemachine,comm
5、unicateswiththeserver,fetchestheinformation,processesit,andthendisplaysitontheremotemachineiscalledtheclient.Thebasicconceptofclient/servercomputing,then,isnotsocomplicated.Theproblemsarisebecauseyouhaveasingleservertryingtoservemanyclientsatonce.Generally,adatabasemanagementsystemisinvolved,sothe
6、designer“balances”thelayoutofdataintotablesforoptimaluse.Inaddition,systemsoftenallowaclienttoinsertnewinformationintoaserver.Thismeansyoumustensurethatoneclient’snewdatadoesn’twalkoveranotherclient’snewdata,orthatdataisn’tlostintheprocessofaddingittothedatabase(thisiscalledtransactionprocessing).
7、Asclientsoftwarechanges,itmustbebuilt,debugged,andinstalledontheclientmachines,whichturnsouttobemorecomplicatedandexpensivethanyoumightthink.It’sespeciallyproblematictosupportmultipletypesofcomputersandoperatings
