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时间:2018-08-04
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1、Unit1GeniusAndtheCraftsman天才与工匠RobertFrost罗伯特·弗罗斯特Manypeopleadmirewritersfortheirexquisitestories,butfewofthemknowwithwhatpainstakingeffortswritersworktobringastoryintotheworld.Thefollowingessaydiscussestheprocessofconceivingastoryanddevelopingitintoaperfectworkofart.许多人羡慕作家们的精彩小说,
2、但却很少有人知道作家们是如何辛勤笔耕才使一篇小说问世的。以下的短文将讨论小说的酝酿过程,以及作家是如何将这小说雕琢成一件精致完美的艺术品。OnceontheedgeofawoodsattwilightIcameuponasmallpeachtreeinflower.Istayedtherewatchinguntilthelightwasgone.Isawnothingofthetree'sorigin,nothingofthemightwhichhadforcedopenapityoucouldbreakyourteethon,andnothingofthe
3、principlewhichhelditseparatefromtheoaksandthegrasses.Allthatappearedtomewasaprofoundandeeriegrace.有一次,我在暮色中来到小树林边一棵鲜花盛开的小桃树前。我久久站在那里凝视着,直到最后一道光线消逝。我看不到那树原先的模样,看不见曾穿透果核,能崩碎你的牙齿的力量,也看不到那使它与橡树和绿草相区别的原则。显现在我面前的,是一种深邃而神秘的魅力。Soitiswiththereaderwhocomesuponanoutstandingstory:spellbound,he
4、takesittohisheart,noquestionasked.当读者读到一部杰出的小说时,他也会这样如痴如狂,欲将小说字字句句刻骨铭心,不提出任何问题。Buteventhebeginningwriterknowsthereismoretoastory'slifethanthebodyofwordswhichcarriesitintotheworld,andthatitdoesnotbeginwithwriting,butwithconceptioninthedarkofthemind.但即使是个初学写作者也知道,除那将小说带到世上的文字之外,还有更多的
5、构成小说生命的因素,小说的生命并不始于写作,而始于内心深处的构思。Itisnotnecessarytounderstandthecreativefunctioninordertoproduceoriginalwork.Centuriesofart,philosophyandsciencehaveemergedfromthemindsofpeoplewhomaynotevenhavesuspectedtheinnerprocess.Itseemstome,however,thatatleastadegreeofunderstandingofthecreativ
6、eeventincreasesourwisdomindealingwiththeemergingstorybymakingusawareoftwothings.要创作出有独创性的作品,并不要求懂得创造的功能。多少世纪以来的艺术、哲学及科学创造都出自人们的头脑,而创造者也许从未想到去关注创造的内在过程。然而,在我看来,对创造工作一定程度的了解,至少会使我们通过知道两个事实,增长我们处理正在出现的故事的智慧。First,geniusisnottheexclusivepropertyofthemastercraftsman;itisthecreativefunct
7、ionofthehumanmind.Thereisnomasterywithoutit,andthereisnopersonwithoutit,howeverundevelopeditmaybe.Masteryisgeniusafoot.Itisgeniuscultivated,developed,andexercised.Yourgeniusworksattheleveloforigins;itsbusinessistocreate;itisthecreatorofyourstory.首先,天赋不是掌握了技艺的艺术家独有的特性,而是人脑的创造性功能。不仅所
8、有对技艺的掌握都含有天赋,而且每个人都具有天赋,无论
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