科技英语特点及翻译标准

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1、CONTENTSCHAPTERONEINTRODUCTION………………………….11.1DemandsofTheNewWorld…………………………………..11.2EnglishForScienceandTechnology………………………….2CHAPTERTWOFEATURESOFENGLISHFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY……….22.1DefinitionofEST……………………………………………….22.2LexicalFeaturesofEST………………………………………..32.2.1ClassificationofESTlexi

2、con…………………………………….32.2.2WordformationinESTlexicon…………………………….…...62.3SyntaxFeaturesofEST…………………………………………...82.3.1Frequentuseofthesimplepresenttense……………….…..…..92.3.2Predominanceuseofthepassivevoice……………………….....92.3.3Extensiveuseoflongsentences…………………………………112.3.4NormalizationofEST……………

3、……………………..........12CHAPTERTHREECRITERIAOFESTTRANSLATION……….…....143.1CriteriaofTranslation…………………………………….......143.2CriteriaofESTTranslation…………………………………...153.2.1Faithfulness…………………………………………........16第-24-页共24页3.1.1Preciseness………………………………………….......173.1.2Conventionalization……………………………

4、………183.1.3Conformitytotheage…………………………….……19CHAPTERFOURCONCLUSION……………………......20BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………….……..22第-24-页共24页CHAPTERONEINTRODUCTION1.1DemandsoftheNewWorld‘Knowledgeexplosion’and‘informationexplosion’aretwopopulartermsprevailingintheworldtoday.Whetheracountrycanacquirevalua

5、bleknowledgeandthelatestinformationwoulddoubtlesslymattergreatlytoitsadvanceofscienceandtechnologyanddevelopmentofeconomy.(周方珠，2002：295).Overthelast50yearsscienceandtechnologyhavedevelopedrapidlyallovertheworld.Thisexpansionhasbeenaccompaniedbyanever-increasinguseofEnglishineveryareaofsc

6、ientificstudy.AUNESCOstudy(1957)estimatedthatsomethingbetween1and2millionscientificandtechnicalarticles，reports，patentsandbookswerepublishedannually，butabouthalfofthemwereinEnglish.Enormousandunprecedentedexpansioninscientificandeconomicactivitiescreatedaworldeagerlydemandingforaninterna

7、tionallanguage,whichfellstoEnglish.Sincethemiddleoflastcentury,anincreasingnumberoftheformercolonieshavegainedindependence.Afterachievementsofpoliticalindependence,theyareawarethathavetomaintainanddeveloptheirindependencewitheconomicdevelopment.Thustheemergingthirdworldbe