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1、定语从句基本介绍定义:定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,)。复合句：Themanwho(that)cameisMike.先行词关系代词LiMingistheonethatgotfullmarksinourclass.先行词关系代词上句的黑体字为复合句中的主句，蓝体字为定语从句的引导词.一定语从句的关系代词Whic
2、h的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.Thisisthepenwhichwasgivenbymyfriend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语Thisisthepenwhichmyfriendgavetome.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语……（上面两个例句蓝色字和红色字在某种程度上等价）二定语从句的关系代词Who的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)Themanwhoiswearingawhitesuitismybrother
3、.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语ThemanwhowhomhewantedtoseelastweekisinShanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.（上面两个例句蓝色字和红色字在某种程度上等价）三定语从句的关系代词Whom的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语),与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whomThisistheteacherwhomw
4、howelikebest.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语SheisthegirlwhomwhoIwentwiththere.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.Idon’tliketheboytowhomyouaretalking.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.四定语从句的关系代词that的用法:若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语Theanimalthatwhichislostisapanda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语Sheistheperson
5、thatwhoweareworriedabout.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语注意1thatwhich在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which,不用that(1)关系代词前有介词时.Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.(2)如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromtheliberarywhichwasnewlyopen(新开放)tous.注意2thatwhich在代
6、物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that,不用which.(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时（特殊的）Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstairpollution(反对空气污染)incities.Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.(2)先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee.(3)主句中已有疑问词时Whichis
7、thebikethatyoulost?（这个句子曾经是你们老师布置给你翻译的）(4)先行词既有人又有物时（我记得这种情况只能用that）Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunover(撞倒了)anoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.(5)先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.Wehaven’tgotmucht
8、hatwecanofferyou.Imeantheonethatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.(6)先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery等词修饰时Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyouso
