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1、Computer-AidedProcessPlanningAccordingtotheTool&ManufacturingEngineersHandbook,processplanningisthesystematicdeterminationofthemethodsbywhichaproductistobemanufacturedeconomicallyandcompetitively.Itessentiallyinvolvesselection,calculation,anddocumentation.Processes,machines,tools,oper
2、ations,andsequencesmustbeselected.Suchfactorsasfeeds,speeds,tolerances,dimensions,andcostsmustbecalculated.Finally,documentsintheformofsetupinstructions,workinstructions,illustratedprocesssheets,androutingsmustbeprepared.Processplanningisanintermediatestagebetweendesigningandmanufactu
3、ringtheproduct.Buthowwelldoesitbridgedesignand-manufacturing?Mostmanufacturingengineerswouldagreethat,iftendifferentplannerswereaskedtodevelopaprocessplanforthesamepart,theywouldprobablycomeupwithtendifferentplans.Obviously,alltheseplanscannotreflectthemostefficientmanufacturingmethod
4、s,and,infact,thereisnoguaranteethatanyoneofthemwillconstitutetheoptimummethodformanufacturingthepart.Whatmaybeevenmoredisturbingisthataprocessplandevelopedforapartduringacurrentmanufacturingprogrammanybequitdifferentfromtheplandevelopedforaparduringacurrentmanufacturingprogrammaybequi
5、tedifferentfromtheplandevelopedforthesameorsimilarpartduringapreviousmanufacturingprogramanditmanyneverbeusedagainforthesameorsimilarpart,Thatrepresentsalotofwastedeffortandproducesagreatmanyinconsistenciesinrouting,tooling,laborrequirements,costing,andpossiblyevenpurchaserequirements
6、.Ofcourse,processplansshouldnotnecessarilyremainstatic.Aslotsizeschangeandnewtechnology,equipment,andprocessesbecomeavailable,themosteffectivewaytomanufactureraparticularpartalsochanges,andthosechangesshouldbereflectedincurrentprocessplansreleasedtotheshop.Aplannermustmanageandretriev
7、eagreatdealofandmanydocuments,includingestablishedstandard,machinabilitydata,machinespecifications,toolinginventories,stockavailability,andexistingprocessplans.Thisisprimarilyaninformation-handlingjob,andthecomputerisanidealcompantion.Thereisanotheradvantagetousingcomputerstohelpwithp
8、roces
