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1、孔庄矿7435工作面材料道留窄煤柱沿空掘巷围岩控制技术研究StudyonRoadwayControlTechnologyof7435Gob-SideEntryinKongZhuangMine摘要沿空掘巷是在上区段工作面回采稳定后,在采空区边缘留窄煤柱掘进巷道。根据煤层赋存条件分为:薄及中厚煤层沿空掘巷和综放沿空掘巷。综放沿空掘巷煤层厚、顶板回转下沉大、采空区边缘煤体塑性区和破碎区范围大,巷道维护难度大。同时,随着矿井逐渐进入深部开采,面临着“三高一扰动”的复杂地质力学环境,对此类巷道的围岩控制技术研究
2、具有重要的现实意义。本文以孔庄矿7435材料道留窄煤柱沿空掘巷为工程背景,工程特点为千米深井大倾角厚煤层综放开采,且受上区段采空区积水影响。运用弧形三角块及煤体极限平衡理论,具体分析了7435材料道上覆围岩结构及煤体极限平衡区宽度。基于窄煤柱几何形状、受力分析及动态变形规律,运用数值模拟对比不同煤柱宽度时,窄煤柱帮部水平位移、整体水平位移和应力分布特点,得出窄煤柱合理宽度范围约为8~10m。提出了7435材料道支护方案并应用于试验段,通过现场实践和矿压观测的方法,发现沿空掘巷稳定后顶板下沉量小于150
3、mm,窄煤柱侧未出现大面积片帮破碎现象,总体变形量小于300mm,低帮侧底角处变形量最大,且总体变形量大于高帮侧。受到采空区积水影响,淋水段窄煤柱片帮严重,需要加强支护。总体上,7435材料道沿空掘巷满足生产要求,支护效果良好,并对类似条件下沿空掘巷具有一定的参考价值。论文共有图52幅,表4个,参考文献71篇。关键词:沿空掘巷;综放;大倾角厚煤层;窄煤柱;锚网索支护IAbstractGob-sidedrivingentryisconductedafteruppergobisstable,leaving
4、narrowcoalpillarinthegob.Gob-sidedrivingentrycanbeappliedtothinandthickseam.Inthethickseam,fullymechanizedtopcavingminingmethodused,gob-sideentryisdifficultlymaintained,becauseofcoalthickness,largeroofdeformationandlargeplasticanddamageareaofcoalnearthe
5、gob.Atthesametime,increasinglyenteringintodeepmining,coalminesfacecomplicatedgeologicalandmechanicalconditionconcludedby“threehighparametersandonedisturb”,sotherearemuchrealisticsignificanceforstudyoncontrolofthesegob-sideentry.Thispaperuses7435gob-side
6、drivingentryformaterialasanengineeringbackground,whichischaracterizedbybeyond1000meterdepth,largedipangle,thickcoalseamandfullymechanizedtopcavingminingmethod.Also,thegob-sideentryisaffectedbytheminingwaterfromuppergob.Arctriangularplateandcoallimitequi
7、libriumtheoryused,roofstructureandcoallimitequilibriumzoneof7435gatewayareanalyzed.Highersidehorizontaldisplacement,coalpillarhorizontaldisplacementandverticalstressarecomparedbynumericalstimulation.Supportmethodfor7435gatewayisputforwardandappliedintes
8、t,itisdiscoveredthatafterexcavationroofdeformationislessthan150mm,andnocoaldamageisinthehighersidewithgeneraldeformationlessthan300mm,andthedeformationinthelowersideismorethanthatinthehigherside,especiallynearthefloorofgateway.In