自考_00832_英语词汇学-笔记(根据考纲标记重点)[1] 2

自考_00832_英语词汇学-笔记(根据考纲标记重点)[1] 2

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时间:2017-11-12

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1、EnglishLexicology(英语词汇学)Lexicology(词汇学):isabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheoriginsandmeaningsofwords.TheNatureandScopeofEnglishlexicology:EnglishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthemorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandwordequivalents,theirsemanticstructures,relations,historicaldevel

2、opment,formationandusages.ThesubjectsthatEnglishLexicologycorrelatedwithandextentto:EnglishLexicologyiscorrelatedwithsuchlinguisticdisciplinesasmorphology(形态学),semantics(语义学),etymology(词源学),stylistics(文体论)andlexicography(词典学)ThereasonforastudenttostudyEnglishlexicology:Accordingtothetextbook,Engl

3、ishLexicologywilldefinitelybebeneficialforstudentsofEnglish.AgoodknowledgeofmorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandrulesofword-formationwillhelplearnersdeveloptheirpersonalvocabularyandconsciouslyincreasetheirwordpower.Theinformationofthehistoricaldevelopmentandtheprinciplesofclassificationwillg

4、ivethemadeeperunderstandingofword-meaningandenablethemtoorganize,classifyandstorewordsmoreeffectively.Theunderstandingandtheirsenserelationswillgraduallyraisetheirawarenessofmeaningandusage,andenablethemusewordsmoreaccuratelyandappropriately.Aworkingknowledgeofdictionarieswillimprovetheirskillsof

5、usingreferencebooksandraisetheirproblem-solvingabilityandefficiencyofindividualstudy.Chapter1--BasicconceptsofwordsandvocabularyWord(词的定义):Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning(4)aformthatca

6、nfunctionaloneinasentenceSoundandmeaning(声音与意义):almostarbitrary,“nologicalrelationshipbetweenthesoundwhichstandsforathingoranideaandtheactualthingandideaitself”Soundandform(读音和形式):不统一的四个原因(1)theEnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromtheRomans,whichdoesnothaveaseparatelettertorepresenteachother(2)thepronunc

7、iationhaschangedmorerapidlythanspellingovertheyears(3)someofthedifferencewerecreatesbytheearlyscribes(4)theborrowingsisanimportantchannelofenrichingtheEnglishvocabularyVocabulary(词汇):allthewordsinalanguagemakeupitsvoca

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