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1、Unit12AnchoringandBerthingOperations锚泊操纵IBERTHINGINWIND风中锚泊1.Thecenteroflateralresistance侧向阻力中心Theforceofthewindcausestheshiptodriftand,bydoingso,hydrodynamicforcesactontheunderwaterhulltoresisttheeffectofthewind.Thepointofinfluenceoftheseunderwaterforcesisknownasthecentreoflatera
2、lresistance(CLR)andisthepointontheunderwaterhullatwhichthewholehydrodynamicforcecanbeconsideredtoact.Similarly,thereisapointofinfluenceofwind(W)whichhasanimportantrelationshipwiththeCLR.Wislikelytoalterfrequentlyasitwillchangeinrelationtothewinddirectionandtheship’sheading.风的作用使船舶
3、偏航,这样,水动力作用于水下船壳抵消风的效果，这些水下部分作用力的中心被称为侧阻力的中心(CLR),也可以理解为是在整个动力的力量对船壳的作用中心。同样的,其中有一个风的作用点(W)跟CLR有着重要的关系。,由于风风向和船舶航向的相对变化，风力作用中心常常是变化不定的。Toanticipatetheaffectwindwillhaveonaship’sheading,WmustbeviewedinrelationtoCLR.为了预测风力作用如何影响船舶航向,我们必须把风的作用看做作用在侧向阻力中心。Shiphandlersprefertorefertopi
4、votpoint(P)ratherthanCLRwhendiscussingtheeffectsofwindonashipwithheadwayorsternway.However,astoppedshipdoesnothaveapivotpointandforthisreasonCLRshouldalwaysbeused.Inthediscussionwhichfollows,CLRisusedforastoppedshipandPforashipwithmotion.当讨论风力作用对船首向/船尾向的影响时，，船舶操纵者更喜欢引用转心(P)而非CLR。然
5、而,静止的船舶是没有转心的,因为这个原因,CLR也经常被使用。在接下来的讨论中,CLR是用在静止的船而转心是用在航行的船舶。2.Thepointofinfluenceofwind风力作用中心Thepointofinfluenceofwind(W)isthatpointontheship’sabove-waterstructureuponwhichthewholeforceofthewindcanbeconsideredanact.风力作用中心(W)是可以被认为是作用在船舶上层建筑的风力作用的那一点。Unlikeaship’scentreofgravity,
6、thepointofinfluenceofwindmovesdependingontheprofileoftheshippresentedtothewind.Whenaship‘sbeamisfacingtothewind,Wwillbefairlyclosetothemid-lengthpoint,slightlyaftinthecaseofshipswithaftaccommodationandslightlyforwardiftheaccommodationisforward.与船舶的重心不同,风力作用中心取决于船舶的受峰面积。当一艘船的正横受风，风
7、力作用中心会接近船长中点处，假如居住区在船尾，风力作用中心会稍稍向后，而住宿在船首则稍向前。Ashipwillalwayswanttosettleintoapositionwherethepointandpointofinfluenceofwindinareinalignment.一艘船舶总是希望位于一个阻力中心和风力作用中心在一条直线互相抵消的位置Shipstopped-shipwithaccommodationblockaft:Onastoppedshipwiththewindonherbeam,Wwillbeclosetotheship’smid-l
8、ength.Whenstoppedinthewater,theCL
