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1、感谢你来百度英语聊聊吧,欢迎以后再来:http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kw=%D3%A2%D3%EF%C1%C4%C1%C4Steven630句法第18章名词性从句一.概念名词性从句共有四种:主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句二.相关知识点精讲1.主语从句:主语从句在整个句子中作主语。(1)不同于其它的连词,它不充当句子的成分,只是单纯的连接词,通常不可以省略。分句置于句首时,that绝对不可以省略。Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiswarwasobvious.Itwasobviousthat
2、thedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.(2)if不能用在主语从句中,而是用whetherWhetherheleft(ornot)isunknown(3)当主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用第三人称单数,下面这个句型例外。Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.2.表语从句:表语从句出现在系动词后,充当表语。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.(1)引
3、导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because,asif/asthough等等Thereason(why/forwhich…..)isthat……It/This/Thatisbecause……(2)连系动词“appear,look,seem”的两个常用句型Itseems/appearsthat….Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough……(与事实相符用陈述语气,与事实相反用虚拟语气)(3)as也可以引导表语从句Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe3.宾语从句:及物动词,形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。(
4、1)宾语从句时态与主句相呼应,但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun(2)连词whether和if可以互换,但注意下列情况连词后紧跟ornot时用whetherIwanttoknowwhetherornottheywillcome.作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句Hewasinterestedinwhetherhesawherthere.连接词后直接加不定式,不能用if只能用whetherHedoesn’tknowwhethertostayorn
5、ot.如果宾语从句是否定时,一般用if引导Icareifhewillnotattendthemeeting.(1)当宾语从句后带宾补时,要用“主语+谓语+it+宾补+that-clause,that不可省略Ithinkitcertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.(2)当主语是I,we,主句用think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine五个动词时,用否定转移Idon’tthinkhewillwinthegame,willhe?(3)that在宾语从句常可以省略,但由and或but连接两个或多
6、个宾语从句时,仅可以省略第一个连词thatHesaid(that)hehadeatennothingbutthathewasn’thungry.(4)注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句Idon’tknowifhewillcome.Ifhecomes,I’llletyouknow.4.同位语从句,在句中作某些名词的同位语,对前面的名词进一步说明。用在下列名词fact,news,idea,hope,believe,hope,thought,doubt.truth,order,suggestion,wordetc.(1)Thereisnodou
7、btthathewillcome.Thereisdoubtwhetherhewillcome.WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcometoinspectthem.Thereisnopossibilitythat….(2)that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别:在同位语从句中:that不可以省略,不作成分;定语从句的关系代词that在定语从句作成分,作宾语时可以省略Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.Weareinterestedinthe
8、newsthathetoldus.when,where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别:在定语从句中,when,where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行