2018年北京朝阳区初三一模英语逐题匹配

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北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品2018年北京市朝阳区初三一模英语逐题匹配2018.5知识运用(共14分)一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Look!Thatoldmaniscrossingtheroad.Let’sgoandhelp______.A.meB.himC.herD.them【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查人称代词。根据题目回答中“Let’sgoandhelp______.”可知，help为动词，谓语动词后应该用人称代词宾格，而且主语是thatoldman，属于第三人称单数。选项A为第一人称I宾格；选项B为第三人称单数he宾格；选项C为第三人称单数she宾格；选项D为第三人称复数they宾格。故正确答案为选项B。2.Inordertokeepcool,manypeoplegoswimming______summer.A.inB.atC.onD.to【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查时间介词。根据题干中summer可知是夏天。选项A后接月份、季节、年份等；选项B后接具体时间点；选项C后接具体日子以及具体某一天的早中晚；选项D表示“到”。故正确答案为选项A。3.Hurryup,______you’llbelateforschool.A.andB.butC.soD.or【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查连词。连词主要看前后句的逻辑。题目译为“快点，______你将上学迟到”。选项A25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品译为“和，并且”，表并列；选项B译为“但是”，表转折；选项C译为“因此”，表因果；选项D译为“否则”，表转折。故正确答案为选项D。4.Ithinkskiingis______thanrunning.A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.mostexcitingD.themostexciting【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查形容词比较级。根据题干出现的“…thanrunning”,译为“比跑步更…”。根据题干后面出现的形容词比较级标志词“than”，所以选比较级。此题目中选项A为形容词原级；选项B是形容词比较级；选项C为最高级，缺少the，故不正确；选项D是形容词最高级。故正确答案为选项B。5.Jack______agoodrestassoonashefinishestheexam.A.hasB.hadC.ishavingD.willhave【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查时态。是对时间状语从句中“主将从现”的考查。句中有“…assoonas”主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在进行时；选项D为一般将来时。故正确答案为选项D。6.Everyyearmanyforeigners______toChinatolearnChinese.A.comeB.cameC.havecomeD.willcome【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查时态。一般现在时的考查。根据问句中的标志词“Everyyear”可知该题应该选择一般现在时。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为一般将来时。故正确答案为选项A。7.-Where’sBob?-He______inthelibrarynow.25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品A.readsB.readC.isreadingD.willread【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查时态。是对现在进行时的考查。根据句子中的标志词“now”可知该题应该选择现在进行时。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在进行时；选项D为一般将来时。故正确答案为选项C。8.I______apicnicwithmybrotherlastSunday.Itwasgreat.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.amhaving【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查时态。是对一般过去时的考查。根据答句中“lastSunday”可知时态为一般过去时。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为一般将来时；选项D为现在进行时。故正确答案为选项B。9.I______mygrandparentssince2016.Imissthemverymuch.A.won’tseeB.don’tseeC.haven’tseenD.didn’tsee【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查时态。是对现在完成时的考查。根据题目中的“since2016”可知时态为现在完成时。选项A为一般将来时；选项B为一般现在时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为一般过去时。故正确答案为选项C。10.Mymother______tomusicwhenIgothomeatfiveo’clockyesterday.A.listensB.listenedC.waslisteningD.haslistened【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查时态。是对过去进行时的考查。题目中“…whenIgothome”可确定主句时态为过去进行时。选项A25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为过去进行时；选项D为现在完成时。故正确答案为选项C。11.Somenewcomputers______tothatvillageschoollastmonth.A.giveB.aregivenC.gaveD.weregiven【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查被动语态。该题主语是“Somenewcomputers”译为“一些新的电脑”，谓语动词为“give”译为“给”。“电脑”不能主动发出“给”的动作，只能“被给”，是动宾关系，确定该题选择被动语态。被动语态基本结构为“主语+be+done”，选项A和选项C不是被动语态结构，均排除。选项B是一般现在时态的被动语态结构；选项D是一般过去时态的被动语态结构。根据题目中的时间标志词“lastmonth”可知该题应该选择一般过去时的被动语态结构，排除选项B。故正确答案为选项D。12.-Excuseme,couldyoutellme______?-Sorry,sir.Iwasn’tthereatthattimeyesterday.A.howtheaccidenthappensB.howtheaccidenthappenedC.howdoestheaccidenthappenD.howdidtheaccidenthappen【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句需遵循“陈述语序”原则，因此排除选项C和选项D。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时。由时间状语“yesterday”可知，该题选择一般过去时态，排除选项A。故正确答案为选项B。二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。SavingJesse’sArmAtabout8p.m.onJuly6th,eight-year-oldJessewasplayingintheseainaNationalParknearPensacola.Itwastheendofaperfectdayatthebeachwithhisuncleandaunt.Suddenly,atwo-meter-longshark(鲨鱼)appeared______(13),anditbitoffJesse’srightarmfromtheshoulder.BythetimehisuncleandauntpulledJesseoutofthewater,hewasunconscious(失去知觉的)andhadalreadylostalotof______(14).WhileJesse’sauntwasgivingtheboythekissoflife,hisuncleranbackintotheseaand______(15)thesharkunderthewater.Amazingly,hemanagedtocatchthesharkandpullitoutofthewaterontothebeach,althoughthismightsoundimpossible.Atthatmomenttwoparkworkersarrivedtohelpthefamilyandoneofthemshotthesharkfourtimesinthehead.Thenheheldopentheshark’s______(16)whiletheotherworkerreacheddownitsstomachandpulledoutJesse’sarm.Afewminuteslater,ahelicopter(直升机)tooktheboyandhisarmtothenearesthospital,whereDr.LanRogersandhisteammanagedto______(17)thearmtoJesse’sbodyagain.Theoperationlastedelevenhours.WhenthedoctorssawJesse’sfingersgopink,theyknewtheoperationhadbeena______(18).Aftersuchaterribleaccidentnobodybelievesthatgoodthingswillhappen,butthemedicalteamarehopefulthatJessewillbeableto______(19)hisarmagaininthefuture.“AlthoughJesse’sstoryisterrifying,itwouldbenotcorrecttothinkthatsharksarealwayssodangerous.Sharksareusuallyharmlesstohuman.”Dr.IanRogerssaid.“However,weshouldbe25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品______(20)forsafetyandshouldonlyswimonbeacheswheretherearelifeguard.”13.A.quicklyB.slowlyC.loudlyD.happily【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查副词。文章所在句译为“突然，一条两米的鲨鱼_____出现”。选项A译为“突然地”；选项B译为“缓慢地”；选项C译为“大声地”；选项D译为“快乐地”。根据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项A。14.A.waterB.weightC.bloodD.sight【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查名词。结合本句意思：他失去知觉并且已经失去了很多的______。结合前句“鲨鱼咬下了Jesse的胳膊”可知选C。选项A译为“水”；选项B译为“体重”；选项C译为“血”；选项D译为“视力”。根据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项C。15.A.helpedB.killedC.bitD.found【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查动词。根据后句“令人惊讶的是，他设法成功的抓住了鲨鱼并且把他拉出水，拉到了沙滩上”可知，Jesse叔叔的前一个动作为找到鲨鱼。选项A译为“帮助”；选项B译为“杀死”；选项C译为“咬”；选项D译为“找到”。故正确答案为选项D。16.A.mouthB.eyeC.earD.head【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查名词。结合本句意思“然后他打开了鲨鱼的______。”选项A译为“嘴”；选项B译为“眼睛”；选项C译为“耳朵”；选项D译为“头”。后文提到“另一个工人伸到了它的（鲨鱼的）胃里，然后拿出了Jesse的胳膊”故正确答案为选项A。17.A.stopB.connectC.placeD.break【正确答案】B25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品【解题思路】本题考查动词。选项A译为“停止”；选项B译为“连接”；选项C译为“放置”；选项D译为“打破”。根据文章语境判断，应该将胳膊与身体连接起来，故正确答案为选项B。18.A.failB.harmC.successD.progress【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查名词。本句译为“当医生看到Jesse的手指变为粉色时，他们知道手术是______”。选项A译为“失败”；选项B译为“伤害”；选项C译为“成功”；选项D译为“进步”。根据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项C。19.A.giveB.useC.makeD.put【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查动词。本句译为“没人相信在这么严重的事故后还会发生好的事情，但是医疗团队希望Jesse将来能够______他的胳膊”。选项A译为“给”；选项B译为“使用”；选项C译为“制造”；选项D译为“放”。根据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项B。20.A.respectableB.comfortableC.terribleD.responsible【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查形容词。这句话译为“但是我们应该为安全______，只在有救生员的海域游泳”。选项A译为“尊重的”；选项B译为“舒服的”；选项C译为“可怕的”；选项D译为“负责的”。根据文章语境判断，故正确答案为选项D。阅读理解(共36分)三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(共26分，每小题2分)25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品ASpecialfestivalsSt.Anthony’sDayJanuary17thisSt.Anthony’sDayinMexico(墨西哥).It'sadaywhenpeopleaskforprotectionfortheiranimalsbybringingthemtochurch.Butbeforetheanimalsgointothechurch,thepeopleusuallydressthemupinflowersandribbons.TheFestivalofRakhiLongagoinIndia,ayoungIadywhoneededhelpsenthersilkbracelet (手镯)toaking.Althoughhedidnotarriveintimeto helpher,hekeptthebraceletasasignbetweenthem.TodayinIndia,duringthefestivalofRakhi,sistersofallagestiesbracelets aroundthewristsoftheirbrotherstoshowtheircareandlove.SpringFestivalOneofthebiggestcelebrationsinChinaisSpringFestival.It’s thefirstdayofthelunaryear.Familiesgettogetherandwatch specialprogramsonTVwiththefamilyontheLunarNewYear’sEve.Peoplecanseealotoftraditionalprogramstoo,suchaslion dancingor dragondancing.Theywishpeopleahappynewyear and abrightfuture.25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品SetsubunOntheeveningofFebruary3rd peopleinJapancelebratetheendofthewinterandbeginningofspring.Thisisknownassetsubun.Thefamilymembersthroughdriedbeansaroundtheirhomes,shouting,“Goodluckin!”21.PeoplecelebratethefestivalofRakhiin______.A.MexicoB.ChinaC.IndiaD.Japan【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“Rakhi”定位到第二段第一行“LongagoinIndia”。故正确答案是选项C。22.WhichfestivalisontheeveningofFebruary3th?A.SetsubunB.ThefestivalofRakhiC.ThespringoffestivalD.St.Anthony’sDay【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“February3nd”定位到第四段，第一句话“OntheeveningofFebruary3nd”,定位本段小标题为“Setsubun”,故正确答案是选项A。23.whatdopeopledoontheLunarNewYear’sEve?A.Bringtheiranimalstochurch.B.WatchspecialprogramsonTV.C.Giveabracelettotheirfamily.D.Throwbeansaroundtheirhomes.【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“ontheLunarNewYear’sEve”可以定位到文章的第三段第三行，“Familiesget25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品togetherandwatchspecialprogramsonTVwiththefamiliesontheLunarNewYear’sEve”。故正确答案选项B。BTherewasatimewhennooneknewthenameHarryPotter.NowtheadventuresofthisextraordinarystudentatHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardryarereadinover45languages，includingRussian，Thai，andevenancientGreek.NoonecanexplaintheHarryPotterphenomenon（现象）—notevenJ.K.Rowling,hiscreator.J.K.RowlingwasborninEnglandin1965.Fromayoungage，sheknewshewantedtobeawriter.Whenshewas6,shewroteherfirststory—aboutarabbitthatgetssick.Atschool，sheusedtomakeupstoriestotellherfriends.Aftergraduationfromcollege，sheworkedasasecretary.Butshedidn’tgiveupherdream.Shespentherlunchhourwritingstories，mainlyforadults.Thenin1990，onatraintriptoLondon，shegottheideafromtheboywizard.Shesayshejustappearedinherhead.ShesooncreatedmanyothercharacterstohelpHarryfighttheforcesofdarkness.ShekeptworkingonthestorywhileshewasteachingEnglishinPortugal，whereshemarried，hadherfirstchild，anddivorced(与......离婚)ayearlater.WhenshereturnedtoEngland，shebroughtbackaboxofHarryPotterstories.Afterreturninghome，shewasbrokeandlivinginasmallhouse.Shecontinuedwriting，andin1995，finishedthefirstbookintheseries,HarryPotterandtheSorcerer’sStone.Itwaspublished(出版)in1997andbecameanunexpectedbestseller.25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品Rowling’slifehaschangedalot.Shehasbecomeinternationallyfamousandnowearnsaround$40millionayear.Sheremarried,hadasecondchildandlivesinScotlandnow.24.WhendidJ.K.Rowlingwriteherfirststoryaboutarabbit?A.In1965.B.In1971.C.In1990.D.In1995.【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“wroteherfirststoryaboutarabbit”，定位至文章第二段第第三句，“whenshewas6,shewroteherfirststory---aboutarabbitthatgetssick.”以及第二段第一句说罗琳出生于1965，1965加6等于1971。故正确答案为选项B。25.WhathappenedtoJ.K.Rowlingin1997?A.ShehadatraintriptoLondon.B.ShetaughtEnglishinPortugal.C.Shebecameanunexpectedbestseller.D.Sheremarriedandhadasecondchild.【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题目中的关键信息“1997”可定位到第五段最后一句，“…andbecameanunexpectedbestseller”。故正确答案是选项C。26.J.K.Rowlingbecomessuccessfulbecauseshe______.A.livesinScotlandnowB.nevergivesupherdreamC.earnsaround$40millionD.keepsworkingonthetrain【正确答案】B【解题思路】本题考查推断题。根据题目中的关键词25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品“because”可知是要考查J.K.Rowling成功的原因。由此可以定位到文章的第二段“sheknewshewantedtobeawriter”、第三段的“Butshedidn’tgiveupherdream.”、第四段的“Shekeptworkingonthestorywhile......”第五段的“Shecontinuedwriting......”可知J.K.Rowling从小就想做一名作家，在人生的各个阶段一直在持续写作，才能够有后面“哈利波特系列”的成功。容易出错的C项讲述的是成功之后的成果，而非原因。故正确答案为选项B。CInthedaysbeforeelectricity,peopledon’tworrymuchaboutsleep.Theyusuallywenttobedacoupleofhoursaftersunset（日落）andwokeatsunrise.Afterall,therewasn’tmuchtodointhosedaysafterthesunwentdown.Butthencametheelectriclightbulb（电灯泡）.Andnowwehavesatellitetelevision,theInternet,24-hourconveniencestores,andlongerhoursatwork.Howmuchcanwesleep?Howmuchshouldwesleep?Likeitornot,manyofusaresleepinglessonaverage（平均）.In1910,mostAmericansslept9hoursanight.Thatdroppedto7.5hoursby1975.In2002,astudybytheNationalSleepFoundationfoundthattheaverageAmericangotonly6.9hours.Thenewsisevenworseforpeoplewhoworkthenightshift.Theysleepanaverageofjust5hours.Arewesleepingenough?Notifyoubelieveintheoldruleofeighthoursofrest,eighthoursofwork,andeighthoursofplay.Ontheotherhand,NormanStanly,aBritishscientistwhostudiessleep,believespeople’ssleepneedsaredifferent.Somepeopleneedasmanyas11hours,butothersneedasfewasthree.Howmuchdoyoureallyneed?“Tofindout,”hesays,“simplysleepuntilyou25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品wakenaturally,withoutthehelpofanalarmclock.That’syoursleepneed.”Meanwhile,otherscientistsandresearchersaresearchingfornewwaystokeepusawakelonger.Somearedevelopingchemicals（化学药品）thataresaferandmorepowerfulthancaffeine,thechemicalfoundincoffeeandtea.Oneexperimentaldrug,CX717,keptlaboratorymonkeysworkinghappilyfor36hours.Furtherdevelopmentsmayallowpeopletosafelystayawakeforseveraldaysstraight.Onegroupofresearchersisstudyingagene（基因）foundinsomefruitfliesthatletsthemgetbyonone-thirdtheusualamountofsleep.Anothergroupisevenworkingonanelectricswitchthatimmediatelywakesupasleepingbrain.Themeaningsofthisresearcharehuge.Ontheonehand,thiscouldleadtoaworldwhereweworklongerandlongerhourswithlessandlesssleep.Ontheotherhand,ifweneededlesssleep,wewouldhavemorefreetimetotravel,read,volunteer,andspendtimewithfamily.27.HowmanyhoursdidmostAmericanssleepanightin1975?A.5B.6.9C.7.5D.9【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查细节题。首先在题干中找到关键词“in1975”，直接回文定位到第二段第二句：“Thatdroppedto7.5hoursby1975.”。故正确答案为选项C。28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peoplehavegotenoughsleep.B.Peoplewillworklongerhours.C.Sleeptimewillbeabigproblem.D.Sayingawakeforlongispossible.25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查推断题。通过文中第三段第三句：“believespeople’ssleepneedsaredifferent.”无法判断人们的睡眠是否充足，因为每个人的需求不同，选项A太过绝对，故排除A。通过文中第五段第二句：“Ontheonehand,thiscouldleadtoaworldwhereweworklongerandlongerhourswithlessandlesssleep”可知，这是研究的一个推测，并没有确定，而选项B过于绝对，故选项B排除。选项C文中没有提及，属于无中生有，故选项C排除。故正确答案为选项D。29.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?A.ToSleeporNottoSleep?B.HowcanWeSleepLonger?C.ToWorkorNottoWork?D.HowMuchcanWeSleep?【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查主旨题。文章第一段作者指出没有电之前人们不担忧睡眠，接着指出人们有了电以后及卫星、电视、网络、24小时便利店、工作时间变长了等这些事，最后连续用两个问句“Howmuchcanwesleep”“Howmuchshouldwesleep”引出全文话题“睡眠”，第二三段回答了这两个问题“我们的睡眠时间越来越短以及每个人对睡眠时间要求不一样——睡到自然醒才能算是足够的睡眠”；第四、五两段作者指出科学家和研究者一直在寻找可以让我们保持清醒（不睡眠）状态的方式；工作时间变长睡眠时间变短各有利弊，比如优点我们可以腾出更多时间去陪家人、旅游、阅读等等（缺点是睡眠时间减少）。所以纵观全文作者是在突出睡眠时间选择。所以选项A“tosleepornottosleep”更适合。选项B译为“我们如何能够睡得更久”，而在倒数第二段中讲到的是如何能够让清醒的状态（不睡眠）保持更持久，故排除选项B。选项C译为“工作或不工作”在中并没有提及，25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品故排除选项C。选项D译为“我们需要睡多少时间”，针对这个观点在第一段结尾处提出问题，只是在第二段进行解答，后面没有围绕该观点展开讲解，选项D为以偏概全，故D选项排除。故正确答案为选项A。DAllinthememory…Manypeoplecomplainthattheirmemoryisbad,especiallyastheygetolder.Phonenumbers,names,factswestudiedonlyafewdaysago—lifewouldbesomucheasierifwecouldrememberthemalleffortlessly.Sohowcanweimproveourmemory?Manypeoplethinkthatrepeatingthingsisthebestwaytorememberthem.Whilethisundoubtedlyhelpsshort-termmemory(rememberingatelephonenumberforafewseconds,forexample),psychologists(心理学家)doubtwhetheritcanhelpyoutorememberthingsforverylong.TheBritishpsychologistE.C.Stanfordseemedtoprovethispointwhenhetestedhimselfonfiveprayers(祈祷文)thathehadreadaloudeverymorningfor25years.Hefoundthathecouldremembernomorethanthreewordsofsomeofthem!Morehelpful,especiallyforrememberingnumbers,isgroupingtheinformation.Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919931848.Butlookattheminchunks,anditbecomesmucheasier:1492178919931848.Sowhatabout“memorytraining”?We’veallheardaboutpeople25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品whocanmemorizepacksofcardsbyheart—howisthisdoneandcananyonelearnhowtodoit?Accordingtoexperts,therearemanywaysoftrainingyourmemory.Manyoftheminvolveformingamentalpictureofthethingstobememorized.Onemethod,whichmaybeusefulinlearningforeignlanguages,istocreateapictureinyourmindconnectedtoawordyouwanttoremember.Anothermethodistoinventastorythatincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Inexperiments,peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisskill;whentestedafterwards,onaverage,theywereabletorecall90%ofthem!However,notallofusareinterestedinlearninglonglistsofnamesandnumbersjustforfun.Forthosestudyinglargenumberofinformation,psychologistssuggestthatthebestwaytoformmeaningfulconnectionsistoaskyourselflotsofquestionsasyougoalong.So,forexample,ifyouwerereadingaboutaparticulardisease(疾病),youwouldaskyourselfquestionslike:“Dopeoplegetitfromwater?”,“Whatpartsofthebodydoesitinfluence?”andsoon.Thisissaidtobefarmoreeffectivethantimespentpassivelyreadingandre-readingnotes.30.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutrepeatingthingsaccordingtothepassage?A.Ithelpsshort-termmemoryforsure.B.Itmakesrememberingthingsinteresting.C.Ithelpstorememberthingsforlong.D.Itmakesrememberingprayerseffortlessly.【正确答案】A【解题思路】本题考查细节题。根据题干的“repeatingthings”定位至文章第二段第一句“Manypeoplethinkthatrepeatingthingsisthe25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品bestwaytorememberthem.Whilethisundoubtedlyhelpsshort-termmemory.”译为“许多人认为反复是记忆的最好方式。然而这无疑是有助于短期记忆。”再从选项分析，选项A译为“这肯定有助于短期记忆”，同时选项中的forsure与原文undoubtedly同义替换。选项B译为“这会使记忆有趣”原文中未提及，故排除。选项C译为“这会有助于长久记忆”根据关键词“forlong”定位到第二段第二句“psychologistsdoubtwhetheritcanhelpyoutorememberthingsforverylong.”译为“心里学家怀疑这是否会对长久记忆有帮助。”可知不符合原文，故排除。选项D译为“这会使记忆祈祷文毫不费力。”据关键词“prayers”定位到第二段第四句“Hefoundthathecouldremembernomorethanthreewordsofsomeofthem.”可知和原句表述不一致。故正确答案为选项A。31.Theword“chunks”inparagraph2probablymeans“______”.A.detailsB.turnsC.groupsD.lines【正确答案】C【解题思路】本题考查猜词题。定位到第二段倒数最后两句“Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919931848.”“Butlookattheminchunks,anditbecomesmucheasier:1492178919931848.”通过两句数字对比，可知数字是以成组出现，选项A译为“细节”；选项B译为“轮流”；选项C译为“组”；选项D译为“线”。故正确答案为选项C。32.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Creatingapictureisusefulinlearningmath.B.Inventingaprayertrainsourmemoryquickly.C.RememberinglongnumbersiseasyforpeopleD.Askingyourselfquestionsactivatesthememory.【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查推断。选项A关键词“creatingapicture25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品”定位到第三段第四句“Manyoftheminvolveformingamentalpictureofthethingstobememorized.Onemethod,whichmaybeusefulinlearningforeignlanguages---”可知选项中learningmaths与原文不符，故排除选项A；选项B关键词“prayer”定位到原文第二段第三四句，“---Hefoundthathecouldremembernomorethanthreewordsofsomeofthem.”可知选项中“trainsourmemoryquickly”未提及，故排除选项B。选项C关键词“longnumbers”定位到原文倒数第二句“Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919931848.”可知选项中“easyforpeople”和原文不符。选项D关键词“askingyourselfquestions”定位到原文最后一段最后两句“youwouldaskyourselfquestionslike----.Thisissaidtobefarmoreeffectivethantimespentpassivelyreadingandre-readingnotes”可知选项D中activates（激活）对应原文“farmoreeffective”，故正确答案为选项D。33.What’sthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.TocomplainthathismemoryisbadB.TorecognizesomememoryproblemsC.ToexplainsomememoryexperimentsD.Tosharesomewaysofimprovingmemory【正确答案】D【解题思路】本题考查主旨题。通过分析文章结构可知文章第一段最后一句“sohowcanweimproveourmemory?”为文章主旨句。根据主旨句可知正确选项为D“tosharesomewaysofimprovingmemory”。译为“为了分享一些提高记忆的方法”。选项A译为“抱怨他的记忆力很糟糕。”原文中未提及。故排除。选项B译为“辨识记忆问题”，只有第二段提及，不能概括全篇，故排除。选项C译为“说明一些记忆的实验”只是研究过程，不是最终的写作目的。故正确答案为选项D。25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分，每小题2分)AHistoryofEnglish…inFiveWordsIn1582,RichardMulcaster,headmasterofaBritishschool,wrotethattheEnglishwouldnotgobeyondtheirisland.However,itdidn’tstaythatway.Today,Englishisspokenallovertheworld.Englishisacolorfulanddiverse(多样的)language,thatlonghaspickedupwordsfrommanyotherlanguages.HerearefivewordsthatshowtheEnglishlanguage’sinterestinghistory.EnglishEnglishbeganinthelanguagespokenbytheearlyGermanicpeopleinthefifthcenturyAD.Itisfromthemthattheword“English”comes.FirstitistheLatinwordAngliwhichmeansthepeopleofAngul,wheretheGermanicpeoplewerefrom.BeefAlthoughroastbeefisseenasatraditionalEnglishdish,theword“beef”wasfromtheFrenchboeufduringtheMiddleAges.Itwasoneofagroupofwords,includingporkandmutton,thatweretakenfromthespeechoftheFrenchwhomovedinBritainfollowingtheNormanConquest(诺曼底登陆)of1066.However,thefarmerswhokepttheselivingthingscontinuedtocallthembytheiroldEnglishnames:cow,pigandsheep.Thisdifferencepassesontilltoday.DictionaryDictionaryisaborrowingfromLatindictornariusliber,“bookofwords”;ItfirstappearedinEnglishinthe6thcentury,alongwithahugenumberofotherwordsfromLatinandGreek.ThefirstEnglishdictionarywaswrittenbyRobertGawdreyin1604.Cawdreyfocusedonlyonthedifficultwordswhosemeaningswouldhave25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品causedproblemsforthosenoteducatedinLatinandGreek.TeaTeawasbroughtintoBritainearlyinthe17thcentury,becomingverypopularbythe1650s.Bythe18thcenturyithadbecomeasymbol(标志)offashionablesocietyandabest-sellingofthecoffeehouseculture.Theword“tea”risesfromtheChinesewordcha.Aloveofteaissoingrained(根深蒂固的)inBritishlifethattheexpression“cupoftea”hascometostandforanythingviewedpositively.Thesaying“it’snotmycupoftea”means“Idon’tlikeit”.EmojiEmojibegandevelopinginJapaninthe1990sforusebyteenagers:theword“emoji”comesfromtheJapanesee“picture”+moji“letter”.ItssuccessfulacceptanceinEnglishhasbeenhelpedbyitssimilaritytowordswiththee-prefix(前缀)likee-mail.TheUnicodeConsortium’s(统一码联盟的)officiallistsemojisandtheirmeanings,butuserskeepfindingcreativenewwaystoemploythem.EmojisarejustanotherexampleofthedevelopmentanddiversityofEnglish.34.Whatlanguageistheword“beef”from?_____________________________________________________【正确答案】French.【解题思路】本题为细节题。定位小标题“Beef”到在文章第四段,然后定位本段第一句“theword‘beef’wasfromtheFrenchboeufduringtheMiddleAges.”故正确答案为:ItisfromtheFrenchboeuf.35.WhowrotethefirstEnglishdictionary?_____________________________________________________25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品【正确答案】RobertCawdrey.【解题思路】本题为细节题。首先定位小标题“Dictionary”在文章第五段，然后定位本段第三行“ThefirstdictionarywaswrittenbyRobertCawdreyin1604.”故正确答案为:RobertCawdrey.36.Whatdoes“it’snotmycupoftea”mean?_____________________________________________________【正确答案】Idon’tlikeit.【解题思路】本题为细节题。定位小标题“Tea”到文章第六和第七段，在第七段最后一句“Thesaying‘it’snotmycupoftea’means‘Idon’tlikeit.’”故正确答案为:Idon’tlikeit.37.Whyistheword“emoji”successfullyacceptedinEnglish?_____________________________________________________【正确答案】BecauseitssimilaritytoEnglishwordswiththee-prefix.【解题思路】本题为细节题。首先关键词“Emoji”，定位到小标题“Emoji”所在段落的第二句“ItssuccessfulacceptanceinEnglishhasbeenhelpedbyitssimilaritywiththee-prefixlikee-mail.”故正确答案为:BecauseitssimilaritytoEnglishwordswiththee-prefixlikee-mail.38.WhatmakesEnglishacolorfulanddiverselanguage?_____________________________________________________【正确答案】Pickingupwordsfrommanyotherlanguages./Acceptancewordsfrommanyotherlanguages.【解题思路】本题为细节题。根据题干关键词，定位到文章第二段“Englishisacolorfulanddiverselanguage.”,“thatlonghaspickedupwordsfrommanyotherlanguages.HerearefivewaysthatshowtheEnglishlanguage’sinterestinghistory.”，故答案为:Pickingupwordsfrommanyotherlanguages./Acceptancewordsfrommany25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品otherlanguages.书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达。(10分)39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目1假如你是中学生李华，你的美国笔友Jim一周前给你发了电子邮件，询问你暑假里的旅游计划及其他安排，但由于某种原因你没有及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：没有及时回复的原因，你打算去哪儿旅游，以及你暑假的其他安排。提示词语:exams,goonatrip,volunteer,visitsomemuseums提示问题:1.Whydidn’tyoureplytoJim’semailintime?2.Wheredoyouplantotravel?3.Whatareyourotherplansforthesummerholiday?To:JimFrom:LiHuaSubject:AplanDearJim,I’mterriblysorryIcouldn’treplytoyouremailintimebecause________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【参考范文】25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品DearJim,I’mterriblysorrythatIcouldn’treplytoyouremailintimebecauseIhavebeenreallybusyforthepastfivedays,planningtopayavisittoXi’ancity,whichislocatedinShanxiprovince.Asweallknow,thereisalotofdeliciousfoodinXi’anCity.OneofthemostfamousblocksistheHuiminRoad.WhenitcomestotheHuiminRoad,thefirstthingthathitsmyheadisRougamo.What’smore,IwilltasteplentyoftheHuinationality’sspecialsnacksandexperiencethelocallifethere.Lastbutnotleast,placesofinterestinXi’anattractmealot,suchasTerra-CottaWarriors,HuaqingHotSpring,andsoon.Inaddition,thissummerholidayiskindoflong,soIwillalsochoosetodosomevolunteerworkinourlocalwelfarehouse.Inthisway,Icanofferhelptothoseinneed.Willyoujoinme?Iwillappreciateitifyougivemeanearlyreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【参考范文分析】首先，提示问题为“Whydidn’tyoureplytoJim’semailintime?”和“Wheredoyouplantotravel?”这两个问题不容易写出亮点，而且容易使文章过渡不顺畅，因此建议合二为一，直接在第一段解决两个问题，从而引出下文第二段对于旅行目的地的描述和介绍，以及未来的规划，即：“I’mterriblysorryIcouldn’treplytoyouremailintimebecauseIhavebeenreallybusyforthepastfivedays,planningtopayavisittoXi’ancity,whichislocatedinShanxiprovince”25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品在目的地的选择时，可能很多同学会选择自己曾经去过的地方，但是要注意为了避免写成流水账或者因为过于平淡导致毫无亮点，尽量去选择比较有特色的地点，这样以来第二段就可以自然而然的向民俗方向过渡，而这一类文章我们是在教材里面接触过的。接着，第三个问题:“Whatareyourotherplansforthesummerholiday?”，这一段的过渡是非常重要的，要注意不要让话题转换的过于唐突。这里可以用到选项的提示词“volunteer”,进而劝说让Jim也加入志愿的活动，形成AAA（ask/answer/ask）式的邮件结尾。题目2为了帮助同学们树立集体观念和提高班级责任感，你校英文报刊正在以“BuildingaHarmoniousClass”(创建和谐班级)为题征文，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈为什么要创建一个和谐的班集体，作为一名成员，你通常是怎么做的，以及还需要再做些什么。提示词语:important,respect,trust,help提示问题:1.Whyshouldwebuildaharmoniousclass?2.Asamemberofaclass,whatdoyouusuallydo?3.Whatelsedoyouneedtodo?Weshouldbuildaharmoniousclassbecause__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Weshouldbuildaharmoniousclassbecauseitisnotonlynecessaryforourstudy,butalsoimportantforourdailylife.Firstofall,asamemberofourclass,Iamalwayskindandgeneroustoothers.Forexample,Ialwayshelpclassmateswhoare25 北京新东方优能中学&优能1对1&新东方在线&东方优播联合出品introuble.Besides,Ioftentakepartinmoreactivitiesactivelytofightforthehonorofourclass.Lastbutnotleast,followingtheschoolruleswillbeofgreatimportanceaswell.What’smore,inordertobuildaharmoniousclass,it’snecessaryforustokeepourclassroomclean.Allinall,onlyinthiswaycanwebuildaharmoniousclass.【参考范文分析】本篇为校园生活类作文，考生需要从三个方面作答，需要从原因，目前的做法，以及今后的做法入手。第一段，首先写明建立和谐班级的原因，“Weshouldbuildaharmoniousclassbecauseitisnotonlynecessaryforourstudy,butalsoimportantforourdailylife.”第二段，描述现阶段是怎么做的，“Firstofall,asamemberofourclass,Iamalwayskindandgeneroustoothers.Forexample,Ialwayshelpclassmateswhoareintrouble.Besides,Ioftentakepartinmoreactivitiesactivelytofightforthehonorofourclass.Lastbutnotleast,followingtheschoolruleswillbeofgreatimportanceaswell.”最后一段，描述今后还需要做些什么促进和谐班级。“What’smore,inordertobuildaharmoniousclass,it’snecessaryforustokeepourclassroomclean.Allinall,onlyinthiswaycanwebuildaharmoniousclass.”25