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1、外文资料原文Single-ChipSCMisalsoknownasmicro-controller(Micro-controllerUnit),commonlyusedlettersoftheacronymMCUthatitwasfirstusedinindustrialcontrol.OnlyasinglechipbytheCPUchipdevelopedfromadedicatedprocessor.ThefirstdesignisbyalargenumberofperipheralsandCPUonachip
2、inthecomputersystem,smaller,moreeasilyintegratedintoacomplexanddemandingonthevolumecontroldevicewhich.INTEL'sZ80isthefirstdesignedinaccordancewiththisideaprocessor,thenonthedevelopmentofmicro-controlleranddedicatedprocessorshavepartedways.Are8-bitmicro-control
3、lerearlyor4bits.OneofthemostsuccessfulistheINTEL8031,forasimple,reliableandgoodperformancewasalotofpraise.Thendevelopedin8031outofMCS51MCUSystems.SCMsystemsbasedonthissystemuntilnowisstillwidelyused.Withtheincreasedrequirementsofindustrialcontrolfield,begana16
4、-bitmicro-controller,becausethecostisnotsatisfactorybuthavenotbeenverywidelyused.After90yearswiththegreatdevelopmentofconsumerelectronics,micro-controllertechnologyhasbeenahugeincrease.WithINTELi960series,especiallythelaterseriesofwidelyusedARM,32-bitmicro-con
5、trollerquicklyreplacehigh-end16-bitMCUstatusandenterthemainstreammarket.Thetraditional8-bitmicro-controllerperformancehavebeentherapidincreasecapacityincreasecomparedto80thenumberoftimes.Currently,high-end32-bitmicro-controllerclockedover300MHz,theperformancec
6、atchingthemid-90'sdedicatedprocessor,whiletheaveragemodelpricesfalltooneU.S.dollars,themosthigh-endmodelonly10dollars.ModernSCMsystemsarenolongeronlyinthedevelopmentanduseofbaremetalenvironment,alargenumberofproprietaryembeddedoperatingsystemiswidelyusedinthef
7、ullrangeofSCM.Thehandheldcomputersandcellphonesasthecoreprocessingofhigh-endmicro-controllercanevenuseadedicatedWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystems.SCMismoresuitablethanthespecificprocessorusedinembeddedsystems,soitwasuptotheapplication.InfactthenumberofSCMisthewo
8、rld'slargestcomputer.Modernhumanlifeusedinalmosteverypieceofelectronicandmechanicalproductswillbeintegratedsinglechip.Phone,telephone,calculator,homeappliances,electronictoys,handh
