《工程英语阅读》期末复习之工程术语

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1、《工程英语阅读》期末复习之工程术语hydraulicengineering水利工程geotechnicalengineering岩土工程surveyingengineering测量工程constructionengineering建筑工程structuralengineering结构工程environmentalimpactstudy环境影响研究wearingcourse磨耗层roadbed路基loadcarryingability/capacity承载力bulldozer推土机loader装载机powerroller电动压路机（路碾

2、）culvert涵洞shoulder路肩fillingmaterials填料concrete混凝土planesurveying平面测量geodeticsurveying大地测量elevations高程steeltape钢卷尺tripod三角架transit经纬仪totalstation全站仪surveyor'slevel水准仪borrowpit取土坑hydrologicalfactors水文因素intermediatecontrolpoints中间控制点reconnaissance踏勘topographicmaps地形图subsurf

3、aceexploration地下勘探routereconnaissance线路踏勘preliminarysurvey初步定线finallocation最终定线preliminaryreconnaissance前期踏勘alignmentdesign定线设计，路线设计cut-and-covermethod随挖随填法benchmark水准点，基准点embankment路堤plumbbob铅锤crosssection横断面，截面；断面图roadbed路基，路床subgrade路基basecourse基层surfacing/surfacecou

4、rse面层，路面dividedhighways分离式车道shoulderslope:路肩边坡cutbank:(alsocalledcutbackslope)挖方边坡roadsideditch:边沟interceptditch:截水沟crossslope:横坡superelevation:超高flexiblepavements柔性路面rigidpavements刚性路面subbase底基层Portlandcement波特兰水泥，硅酸盐水泥high-early-strengthcement早强水泥bituminousmaterial沥青材

5、料bituminoussurfacetreatment沥青表面处治mixed-in-placebituminousPavements(RoadMix)现场拌制沥青路面(路拌)hot-mixbituminousconcretepavements(PlantMix)热拌沥青混凝土路面(厂拌)coarseaggregate粗集料，粗骨料fineaggregate细集料，细骨料plainconcrete素混凝土reinforcedconcrete钢筋混凝土prestressedconcrete预应力混凝土compressivestrength

6、抗压强度weatherresistance耐候性fireresistance耐火性workability和易性curingmethods（混凝土的）养护方法water-cementratio水灰比tensilestrength抗拉强度concreteslab混凝土板steam-curing蒸汽养护steelrods钢筋reinforcement钢筋reinforcingsteel钢筋modulusofelasticity弹性模量elasticstrain弹性应变workingloads使用载荷pre-stressedconcrete预

7、应力混凝土shearstrength抗剪强度pre-tensioning先张法post-tensioning:后张法concretesleepers混凝土枕轨hollowbeam空心梁concretepile混凝土桩consultingengineer咨询工程师geologicalstrata地质层trialpit探坑borehole钻孔billsofquantities工程量表residentengineer驻场工程师temporaryhaulroads:临时运输便道，进料道路drainagesystem排水系统hydraulice

8、xcavator液压挖掘机cut-offditch截流沟dumptruck:自卸车faceshovelexcavators:正铲挖掘机draintrenches/ditches排水沟contractor承包人，承包商ea