头晕相关脑解剖(小脑)

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1、头晕相关的脑解剖CerebellumAnatomyRelevanttoDizzinessTimothyC.Hain,MDMarcelloCherchi,M.D.,Ph.D.Pagelastmodified:June14,2009Thispageismeanttoprovideageneraloutlineofcerebellarfunction.ItisadaptedfromaclinicalneuroanatomylecturegivenonayearlybasistoNorthwesternPTstudents.Thispageis"underconstr

2、uction"andshouldnotbereliedupon.Thecerebellumwithsurroundingskullandspinalfluidoccupiesthebottom1/3ofthisaxialMRIimage.Whatisthecerebellumandwhatdoesitdo?Thecerebellumispartofthebrain.Itliesunderthecerebrum,towardstheback,behindthebrainstemandabovethebrainstem.Thecerebellumislargely

3、involvedin"coordination".Personswhosecerebellumdoesn'tworkwellaregenerallyclumsyandunsteady.Theymaylookliketheyaredrunkevenwhentheyarenot. GrossAnatomy:CerebellarHemispheresandVermis·Cerebellarhemispheres,eachcontainingalateralandanintermediateportion·Vermis,situatedbetweenthetwocer

4、ebellarhemispheres;isbasicallycircular(interruptedbyfourthventricleventrally)GrossAnatomy:Lobes&Lobules·Anteriorlobe:o1.Lingulao2.Centrallobuleo3.Culmen·Posteriorlobe:o4.Decliveo5.Foliumo6.Tubero7.Pyramiso8.Uvulao9.Tonsil·Flocculonodularlobe:o(10.)Flocculus&nodulusGrossAnatomy:Fissu

5、res·Primaryfissure:separatesanteriorandposteriorlobes·Horizontalfissure:separatesposteriorlobe’srostrallobules(declive,folium)fromitscaudallobules(tuber,pyramis,uvula,tonsil)·Posterolateralfissure:separatesposteriorandflocculonodularlobesConnectionswithbrainstem:·Superiorcerebellarp

6、eduncleconnectstomidbrain·Middlecerebellarpeduncleconnectstopons·InferiorcerebellarpeduncleconnectstomedullaSectionsoftheCerebellumVestibulocerebellumorarchicerebellum·Comprisestheflocculonodularlobe·Extensiveconnectionswiththevestibularsystem·PhylogeneticallyoldestSpinocerebellumor

7、paleocerebellum·Comprisesthevermis(medial)¶vermal(intermediate)region·Extensiveconnectionswiththespinalcord&brainstem·PhylogeneticallyofintermediateageCerebrocerebellumorneocerebellum·Compriseslateralportionsofcerebellarhemispheres(excludingparavermalregions)·Extensiveconnection

8、swithcerebralcortex