资源描述：
《职称英语理工类教材word 打印版 已缩印可以直接打印》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、InventorofLEDWhenNickHolonyaksetouttocreateanewkindofvisiblelightingusingsemiconductoralloys,hiscolleaguesthoughthewasunrealistic.Today,hisdiscoveryoflight-emittingdiodesor1 LEDs,areusedineverythingfromDVDstoalarmclockstoairports.Dozensofhisstudentshavecont
2、inuedhiswork,developinglightingusedintrafficlightsandothereverydaytechnology.OnApril23,2004,Holonyakreceivedthe$500,000Lemelson-MITPrizeataceremonyinWashington.Thismarksthe10thyearthattheLemelson-MITProgramattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）hasgive
3、ntheawardtoprominentinventors."Anytimeyougetanaward,bigorlittle2,it'salwaysasurprise,"Holonyaksaid.Holonyak,75,wasastudentofJohnBardeen,aninventorofthetransistor,intheearly1950s.Aftergraduateschool3,HolonyakworkedatBellLabs.HelaterwenttoGeneralElectric4,whe
4、reheinventedaswitchnowwidelyusedinhousedimmerswitches5.Later,Holonyakstartedlookingintohowsemiconductorscouldbeusedtogeneratelight.Butwhilehiscolleagueswerelookingathowtogenerateinvisiblelight,bewantedtogeneratevisiblelight.TheLEDsheinventedin1962nowlastabo
5、ut10timeslongerthanincandescentbulbs,andaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandcosteffective.Holonyak,nowaprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandphysicsattheUniversityofIllinois,saidhesuspectedthatLEDswouldbecomeascommonplaceastheyaretoday.Butdidn'trealize
6、howmanyusestheywouldhave."Youdon'tknowinthebeginning.Youthinkyou'redoingsomethingimportant,youthinkit'sworthdoing,butyoureallycan'ttellwhatthebigpayoffisgoingtobe,andwhen,andhow.Youjustdon'tknow,"hesaid.TheLemelson-MITProgramalsorecognizedEdithFlanigen,75,w
7、iththe$100,000Lemelson-MITLifetimeAchievementAwardforherworkonanewgenerationof"molecularsieves"thatcanseparatemoleculesbysize.LED的发明者当NickHolonyak着手用半导体合金创造一种新的可视照明设备的时候，同事们都认为他不现实。今天，他发现的发光二极管，或叫LED,使用范围覆盖从DVD到机场警钟的一切东西。他的许多学生继续着他的工作，发明了交通灯中使用的照明设备和其他日用技术。
8、2004年4月23日，Holonyak在华盛顿的一次典礼上被授予Lemelson-MIT项目的50万美元的奖金。这是麻省理工的Lemelson-MIT项目第十年颁奖给杰出的发明人。“任何时候你得了奖，不论是大是小，总是一分惊喜。”Holonyak说。Holonyak，75岁，是20世纪50年代初期晶体管的发明者JohnBardeen的学生。从研究生院毕业之后，Holonyak在Bell实验室工作。之
