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1、2006职称英语考试模全真拟试题综合类B级（一）Howdoesithappenthatchildrenlearntheirmothertonguesowell?Whenwecomparethemwithadultslearningaforeignlanguage,weoftenfindthisinterestingfact.Alittlechildwithoutknowledgeorexperienceoftensucceedsinacompletemasteryofthelanguage.Agrown-uppers
2、onwithfullydevelopedmentalpowers,inmostcase,mayendupwithafaultyandinexactcommand.Whataccountsforthisdifference?Despiteotherexplanations,therealanswerinmyopinionliespartlyinthechildhimself,partlyinthebehaviorofthepeoplearoundhim.Inthefirstplace,thetimeoflearning
3、themothertongueisthemostfavorableofall,namely,thefirstyearsoflife.Achildhearsitspokenfrommorningtillnightand,whatismoreimportant,alwaysinitsgenuineform,withtherightpronunciation,rightintonation,rightuseofwordsandrightstructure.Hedrinksinallthewordsandexpression
4、s,whichcometohiminaflash,ever-bubblingspring.Thereisnoresistance:thereisperfectassimilation.Thenthechildhas,asitwere,privatelessonsalltheyearround,whileanadultlanguage-studenthaseachweekalimitednumberofhours,whichhegenerallyshareswithothers.Thechildhasanotherad
5、vantage:hehearsthelanguageinallpossiblesituations,alwaysaccompaniedbytherightkindofgesturesandfacialexpressions.Herethereisnothingunnatural,suchasisoftenfoundinlanguagelessonsinschools,whenonetalksabouticeandsnowinJuneorscorchingheatinJanuary.Andwhatachildhears
6、isgenerallywhatimmediatelyinterestshim.Againandagain,whenhisattemptsatspeecharesuccessful,hisdesiresareunderstoodandfulfilled.Finally,thoughachild's"teachers"maynothavebeentrainedinlanguageteaching,theirrelationswithhimarealwayscloseandpersonal.Theytakegreatpai
7、nstomaketheirlessonseasy.Didyouknowthatbefore1950,hurricaneshadnonames?Theyweresimplygivennumbers.ThefirstnamesweresimplyAlpha,Bravo,Charlie,etc.butin1953,femalesnamesweregivenbecauseoftheunpredictability(不可预知)factorofthestorms.In1979,realizingthesexist(性别歧视的)n
8、atureofsuchnames,thelistswereexpandedtoincludebothmenandwomen.Hurricanesandtyphoons(台风)arethesamethings.IftheyformintheAtlantic,wecallthesestrongstormshurricanes,fromtheWest
