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1、ASTROPHYSICSANDCOSMOLOGYJ.GarcÂõa-BellidoTheoreticalPhysicsGroup,BlackettLaboratory,ImperialCollegeofScience,TechnologyandMedicine,PrinceConsortRoad,LondonSW72BZ,U.K.AbstractThesenotesareintendedasanintroductorycourseforexperimentalparticlephysicistsinteres
2、tedintherecentdevelopmentsinastrophysicsandcosmology.IwilldescribethestandardBigBangtheoryoftheevolutionoftheuniverse,withitssuccessesandshortcomings,whichwillleadtoin¯ationarycosmologyastheparadigmfortheoriginoftheglobalstructureoftheuniverseaswellastheori
3、ginofthespectrumofdensityperturbationsresponsibleforstructureinourlocalpatch.Iwillpresentareviewoftheveryrichphenomenologythatwehaveincosmologytoday,aswellasevidencefortheobservationalrevolutionthatthis®eldisgoingthrough,whichwillprovideus,inthenextfewyears
4、,withanaccuratedeterminationoftheparametersofourstandardcosmologicalmodel.1.GENERALINTRODUCTIONCosmology(fromtheGreek:kosmos,universe,world,order,andlogos,word,theory)isprobablythemostancientbodyofknowledge,datingfromasfarbackasthepredictionsofseasonsbyearl
5、yciviliza-tions.Yet,untilrecently,wecouldonlyanswertosomeofitsmorebasicquestionswithanorderofmag-nitudeestimate.Thispoorstateofaffairshasdramaticallychangedinthelastfewyears,thanksto(whatelse?)rawdata,comingfromprecisemeasurementsofawiderangeofcosmologicalp
6、arameters.Further-more,weareenteringaprecisioneraincosmology,andsoonmostofourobservableswillbemeasuredwithafewpercentaccuracy.WearetrulylivingintheGoldenAgeofCosmology.ItisaveryexcitingtimeandIwilltrytocommunicatethisenthusiasmtoyou.Importantresultsarecomin
7、goutalmosteverymonthfromalargesetofexperiments,whichpro-videcrucialinformationabouttheuniverseoriginandevolution;sorapidlythatthesenoteswillproba-blybeoutdatedbeforetheyareinprintasaCERNreport.Infact,someoftheresultsImentioneddur-ingtheSummerSchoolhavealrea
8、dybeenimproved,speciallyintheareaofthemicrowavebackgroundanisotropies.Nevertheless,mostofthenewdatacanbeinterpretedwithinacoherentframeworkknownasthestandardcosmologicalmodel,basedontheBigBangtheoryoft
