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1、SeminaroftheAssemblyofEuropeanRegionsonRenewableandAlternativeSourcesofEnergy,1-2July2005,Porjus,Norrbotten(S)WORKSHOP3:CLEANVEHICLEANDCITYCENTRETRANSPORTSOLUTIONSInterestincleaner,lesspollutingvehiclesandfuelhasgrownrapidlyoverrecentyears.Thisinteresthasbeenspurredbythreefactors:*Increasin
2、gawarenessandconcernregardingtheenvironmentaleffectsofvehicleuse*Thefinancialsavingsthatvehicleoperatorscanmakebyswitchingtocleanervehicles*Increasinglystringentemissionslegislation.Biomassistheonlyrenewablesourceoftransportationfuels.Theserenewablefuels,calledbiofuels,producefeweremissions
3、thanpetroleumfuels.TheEuropeanUnionispromotingthemarketingofgreenercarsviaacombinationofbindingandnon-bindingmeasures.'Cleanvehicles'includelowemissionconventionallyfuelledvehiclesaswellasthosepoweredbyalternativefuels.Theproductionofsuchvehicles,generatinglessCO2emissions,requiresinnovatio
4、ninfuels,alternativepower-traintechnology,noisereductionandnewmaterials.Overall,theEuropeanUnion’saimistoreach-by2010atthelatest-anaverageCO2emissionfigureof120g/kmforallnewpassengercarsmarketedintheUnion.Presentationofthemostimportanttechnologiesandfuelsisgivenbelow.Source:www.smile-europe
5、.org§EuropeancarindustryandfuturechallengesWith42%ofglobalproductioncomingfromtheEUin2002,theregionhasthelargestsinglemarketforpassengercarsintheworldandiswellpositionedtoleverageeconomiesofscaleandscope.ButonemajorchallengeliesintheadvantageJapanesecarmakershavegainedindevelopingenvironmen
6、tallyfriendlytechnologies,“mostprominentlythedevelopmentofnewtechnologies/fuelcombinations,includingfuelcells”AccordingtotheCommission’s2004competitivenessreport:DutchPresidency:ResultsofthecompetitivenessCouncil–Competitivenesspackageandautomativeindustry(nov25th,2004).Asaconsequence,there
7、portnotes,“R&Dobjectivesintheautomativeindustryshouldbedirectedtowardsdevelopingenvironmentallyfriendlyvehicles”,inparticularfindingthe“adequatetechnology/fuelsolutions”toensurelong-termsecurityofsupply.§Biofuels(I):marketshareandmakingprocess-Biofuelscu
