英汉对照图示基础工程学第十二章 桩基础-单桩

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1、第十二章桩基础-单桩Chapter12Pilefoundation-singlepiles301.Piles桩pilecap桩帽piles桩softclay软粘土sand砂土rakerpile斜桩batterpile斜桩302.Vibrations振动tanks贮罐silos筒仓chimneys烟囱machinefoundations机器基础sand砂土groundwater地下水303.Examplesofpilefoundations桩基础的例子compactionpiles压实桩raked

2、piles斜桩dampingofpiles桩的阻尼smalldamping小阻尼vibrations振动304.Stabilityofbridgeabutment桥墩的稳定性softclay软粘土fill填土bridgeabutment桥墩305.Embankmentpiles路堤桩softclay软粘土rakedpiles斜桩bridgeabutment桥墩fill填土306.Anchorpilesfordrydocks，subwaystations干船坞或地铁车站下的锚桩groundwate

3、r地下水up-lift上浮力anchorpiles锚桩307.Offshorestructuresonpiles桩支撑的离岸结构物cyclicloading循环荷载scour冲刺compression压缩steelpipepiles钢管桩tensionforce拉力308.Stabilisationofslopebypiles边坡用桩稳定slopestability边坡稳定性largediameterpile大直径桩steelpipepiles钢管桩failuresurface破坏面309.De

4、signofembankmentpiles路堤桩的设计failuresurface破坏面clay粘土precastpiles预制桩310.Anchorpilesinswellingsoil膨胀土中的锚桩seasonalchanges季节性变化swellingclay膨胀性粘土montmorillonite蒙脱石highliquidlimit高液限highplasticityindex高塑性指数building建筑物311.Examplesofpiletypes桩型应用的例子drivenpiles

5、打入桩boredpiles钻孔桩jacked-downpiles静压桩screwpiles螺旋桩hydraulicjack液压桩312.Pilesfoundations桩基础concretepile混凝土桩steelpile钢桩timber木桩HpileH型桩313.Pilestypes桩型largedisplacementpiles大量挤土桩smalldisplacementpiles少量挤土桩non-displacementpiles非挤土桩boredpiles钻孔桩precastpiles

6、预制桩pipepiles管桩cased有套管uncased无套管boxpiles箱形桩drivencast-in-placepiles沉管灌注桩314.Loadingconditionsofpiles桩的荷载情况compression受压lateralload受侧向荷载tension受拉315.Loadtransfertopiles桩的荷载传递frictionorfloatingpiles摩擦桩或悬浮桩endbearingpiles端承桩clay粘土sand砂土rock岩石316.Timberp

7、iles木桩advantages优点difficulties难点limitbearingcapacity极限承载力softclay软粘土tip桩尖shaft桩身groundwater地下水butt桩顶marineborers海生木蛀虫317.Pilesplices桩的连接steelsleeve钢套steelstrap钢板条318.Splicesandrockpoints桩的连接和入岩桩尖rockpoint入岩桩尖319.Precastconcretepiles预制混凝土桩point桩尖concr

8、ete混凝土reinforcement加筋pilediameter桩径shoe桩靴320.Liftingofpiles桩的吊装pilelength桩长liftinghooks吊钩moment弯矩321.Prestressedconcretepiles预应力混凝土桩heightstrengthconcrete高强混凝土brittle脆性reducedcracking减少裂缝reducedductility延展性差322.Concretestrength（CP2004）混凝土强度（CP2004）cu