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1、ThesinglechipcomputerabbreviationMicrocontrolleristypicalofembeddedMicrocontrollercontroller(MicrocontrollerUnit),commonEnglishlettersistheabbreviationofMCUsaidMicrocontroller,itwasfirstusedinindustrialcontrolfield.SCMbychipinsideonlyCPUdedicatedprocessor.Theea
2、rliestdesignconceptisthroughthehugeamountsofperipheralandCPUintegrationinachip,makethecomputersystemsmaller,moreeasytointegrateintothecomplexandtovolumedemandingcontrolequipmentof.Intel-basedZ80istheearliestdesignedaccordingtothiskindofthoughttheprocessor,hence
3、forth,SCManddedicatedprocessordevelopmentparted.Earlymicrocontrolleris8bitsor4digit.Oneofthemostsuccessfulintel-based8031issimple,reliableperformance,becausegoodgotalotofpraise.Theninthemicrocomputer8031developedMCS51seriesmicrocontrollersystems.Basedonthissyst
4、emofSCMsystemhaveuntilnowinwidespreaduse.Withtheimprovementofindustrialcontrolarearequirement,begintoemerge16-bitsinglechip,butbecausethepriceisnotidealdidnotgetverywidely.Afterthe1990swithconsumerelectronicproductsdevelopment,microcontrollertechnologyhasbeenat
5、remendousincrease.AstheINTELi960seriesespeciallylaterARMserieswidely,32-bitSCMrapidlyreplacing16-bitsinglechipofhigh-endstatus,andintothemainstreammarket.Whilethetraditional8bitmicro-controllerperformancealsoobtainedtherapidincrease,processingpowerthan1980srais
6、edhundredstimes.Atpresent,high-end32-bitSCMfrequencyhasexceeded300MHz,performancestraightafterthemiddleof90'sofdedicatedprocessor,whereasnormaltypeex-factorypricedroppedto$1,thehighest-profile[1]typewasonlytendollars.ContemporarySCMsystemnolongeronlyinLuoJienvi
7、ronment,developmentanduseofspecialembeddedoperatingsystemiswidelyusedinthewholerangeofsingle-chipmicrocomputer.Whileinasahandheldcomputersandmobilephoneskeyprocessingofhigh-endmicrocontrollerevencandirectlyusethespecialWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystem.Single-chip
8、processormorethandedicatedsuitableforusewithembeddedsystem,soithasgainedthemostapplications.Infactmicrocontrolleristheworldlargestnumberofthecomputer.Modernhumanlifethatareu
