electronic warfare counter-measures：电子战对抗措施

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1、ElectronicWarfareCounter-measuresNavalWeaponsSystemsEWIntroEWisacomponentofInformationOperations(IO)IO:MilitarystrategywhichimplementsInformationWarfare(IW).IOincludesintegrateduseofOPSEC,militarydeception,PSYOPS,EW,andphysicaldestruction.(discussedmoreinC4IL

2、esson)IncreasingImportanceofEW:IncreasedrelianceonradarOTHtargetingIncreaseduseofCommunicationsTacticalDataSystems(TDS)IncreasedspeedofmissilesandweaponssystemsHigh-speeddetectionandtrackingActive-homingorpassive-hominglong-rangemissilesgivelittlewarningThreeCo

3、mponentsofEWElectronicSupport(ES)*ESMElectronicAttack(EA)*ECMElectronicProtection(EP)*ECCMElectronicSupport(ES)SurveillanceofEMspectrumImmediatethreatrecognitionThreatavoidanceHomingandtargeting.PassiveEWorSignalsIntelligence(SIGINT)ElectronicIntelligence(ELINT

4、):Infoderivedfromforeignnon-communicationsEMinformation,particularlyradar.CommunicationsIntelligence(COMINT):Infoderivedfromforeigncommunications.Advantages/limitationsofpassiveEW.ESSubdivisions:IndicationsandWarnings(I&W)SurveillanceIntelligenceNewTechnologyES

5、ReceiverDesignRequirementsWidespectrumsurveillanceWidedynamicrangeUnwantedsignalrejectionAngle-of-ArrivalmeasurementSignalAnalysiscapabilityDisplayRecordingSystemElectronicAttack(EA)UseofEMordirectedenergytoattackpersonnel,facilities,orequipment.ActiveandPassiv

6、eEWNon-DestructiveEAConfusion:Maskorhiderealtargetsbyclutteringtheradardisplay.JammingSpotJammingBarrageJammingSweepJammingChaffInfraredflares(Torch)Spot,Barrage,andSweepJammingFreqAmplTimeSweepBarrageSpotSpotandBarrageJammingPowerFrequencyRcvrBWSpotJammingBarr

7、ageJammingRcvdSignalAmp.timeIneffectiveJammingEffectiveJammingPWPRTNon-DestructiveEA(cont.)Deception:Createafalseimageorchangestheimageonaradardisplay.Repeaters:Createfalseechobydelayingrcvdradarsignals&retransmittingatlatertime.Transponders:Createfalsesignalby

8、playingbackastoredreplicaoftheradarsignal.ChaffRadarDecoysSelfScreeningStandOffStandForwardEA-6BProwler!!!!!!!!!DestructiveEAAnti-RadiationMissilesHARMSidewinderDirectedEner