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1、2012考研英语长难句突破讲义l适用对象：考研学子，四级，六级英语学习或相当英语者。l课程目的：打破英语阅读学习的幻觉，真正获得一扇通向别样美丽世界的窗户，人生从此再无长难句。为英语写作夯实基础。第一部分方法论讲解n引子我们为什么要精读句子？自由笔记区un阅读的实际过程是什么ln阅读在句子层面的障碍Ø简单句的障碍来源简单句没有障碍的情况:简单句的障碍来源：²简单句的障碍识别及处理方法n定语u前置定语u后置定语n.+20定语从句（不属于简单句范畴）定语从句的作用：今生：Ihavethreebooksofwhichtheredismyfavorite.前世：Ihavethreebook
2、s.Theredofthoseismyfavorite.关系代词：定语从句的连接词：关系连词：介词+关系代词：定语从句的处理方法：Eg1.ApoemlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver.Eg2.Manisbornasablanksheetofpaperonwhicheachculturewritesitstext.n同位语普通同位语:Eg1.Robotswillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisi
3、onandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge.同位语从句n插入语：万能插入语：Ratherthan:n状语20例1：Usingtechniquesdevelopedfortheoffshoreoilandgasindustry,theDSDP’sdrillship,theGlomarChallenger,wasabletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean’ssurfaceanddrillinverydeepwaters,extractin
4、gsamplesofsedimentsandrocksfromtheoceanfloor.例2：Afewartcollectors---JamesBowdoinⅢofBoston,WilliamByrdofVirginian,andtheAliensAndHamiltonofPhiladelphia---introducedEuropeanarttraditionstothosecolonistsprivilegedtovisittheirgalleries,especiallyaspiringartists,andestablishedintheirrespectivecommu
5、nitiestheideaofthevalueartandtheneedforinstitutionsdevoteditsencouragement.Ø非简单句的障碍来源²非简单句的障碍解决方案n关联词和主句专一原则u关联词:u主句专一原则:²句子之间的关联方式u1.并列l并列联词的用法u2.嵌套l常见的复杂句形式名词性从句：三大从句：形容词性从句：副词性从句：常见的关联词：名词性从句：关系代词：关系连词：形容词性从句：见定语从句副词性从句：见后表格；区分几个句式：Itistruethatsheisaboy.It+系动词+关系连词+句子Itappearsthatthiscounty
6、isgettingstronger.It+不及物动词+关系连词+句子Thesunrisesthatlooksbeautiful.主语+系动词+关系连词+句子Thenewsistruethatsheisaboy.主语+不及物动词+关系连词+句子20状语从句种类常用连接词特殊连接词时间状语从句When,while,as,before,since,till,until,assoonas1.一些时间名词：themoment,theinstant,theminute,theday,nexttime,everytime2.一些副词：instantly,immediately,directly3
7、.固定搭配的连词：nosooner---than,hardly---when,scarcely---when.地点状语从句WhereWherever,anywhere,everywhere原因状语从句Because,as,for,sinceSeeingthat,consideringthat,nowthat,giventhat,inthat,inasmuchas,insomuchas目的状语从句Sothat,inorderthat,thatLest,forfearth
