南阳油田赵井原油掺水不加热集输技术研究

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1、摘要我国绝大部分油田所产原油为高含蜡、高凝点、高粘度的“三高”原油，为使其有较好的流动性，大都采用加热流程，以确保油气集输及处理过程的正常进行。由于在集输流程能耗中约占90～97％都是热能消耗，如果在集输过程中采用不加热掺水集输流程，将产生可观的经济效益。本文通过对南阳油田赵5井原油不加热集输技术的研究，建立了不加热掺水集输工艺的常温输送数学模型。对掺水原油进行了室内流变性实验，研究其剪切应力与剪切速率、粘度与温度、含水率之间的关系，测量了掺水原油的流变曲线，绘制了粘温曲线，拟合了流变方程及粘温方程，并回归了粘度与含水率及温度的综合关系。通过编程计算和结果分析，得出掺水量和掺水管线

2、压降、回油温度和井口回压之间的关系，从而得出赵5井最佳掺水量范围。对系统集输能耗进行了分析，建立了系统能耗分析数学模型。建立停掺水数值模拟数学模型，利用FLUENT软件对集油管停掺水时间进行了数值模拟，从而可预测最大停掺水时间。通过模拟可知，原油的凝点越低，其停掺水时间越长，反之停掺水时间越短。含水率越高，其停掺水时间越短，反之停掺水时间越长。环境温度越低，达到粘壁及凝结的时间就越短。含水率造成的温降时差在高温季节较大，在低温季节较小。关键词：不加热集输；流变性；数值模拟；FLUENT77AbstractMostofcrudeoilwhichproducedinChinawithh

3、ighwax,highpourpointandhighviscosity.Tomakesureithasgoodliquidity,mostlyoilfieldusetheheatingprocesstoensurethatoilandgasgatheringandprocessingrunregularly.Becauseheatenergyconsumptionisabout90~97%ofenergyconsumption,ifusedintheprocessofgatheringmixedwithoutheating,itwillgenerateconsiderableec

4、onomicbenefits.BasedontheNO.5wellinNanyangOilfieldgatheringwithoutheatingoiltechnologyresearch,weestablisharoomtemperaturetransportGatheringProcessmodeloftheprocessofgatheringmixedwithoutheating.Weproceedtheneatcrudeoilrheologyexperimentsandstudytheshearstressandshearrate,viscosityandtemperatu

5、re,viscosityandmoisturecontentrelationshipbetweentheflowsofcrudeoilmixedwithwater.Weestablishtherheologicalcurveandtheviscosity-temperaturecurve,andtherheologicalequationandtheviscosity-temperatureequationisfitted,sowecandeducttheintegratedrelationshipoftheviscosityandmoisturecontentandtempera

6、ture.Byprogrammingthecalculationandanalysisofresultswecanobtaintherelationshipbetweenwatervolumeandwatermixingpipelinepressuredrop,andtherelationshipbetweentheoiltemperatureandwellheadbackpressure,thuswecanobtainthebestwatercontentrangeofNO.5well.ByGatheringandtransportationofenergyconsumption

7、ofthesystemanalysis,webuildthemathematicalmodelofthesystemenergyconsumption.WeestablishthemathematicalmodelofstoppingmixingwaterconditionanduseFLUENTsoftwaretomakenumericalsimulationonthetimeofstoppingmixingwaterconditionofgatheringline