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1、豫西地区夏玉米适时晚収产量效应研究1基金项目：国家玉米产业技术体系（nycyti-02）;国家粮食丰产科技工程（2004BA520A—06）2作者简介：王育红（1973.6）女，河南邓州，硕士，副研究员，现从事旱作节水研究。Email:wyh7366@126.com，联系电话：13849973679王育红，孟战赢，王向阳，张园，张高德(洛阳市农业科学研究院，洛阳471022）摘要：本试验以郑单958、浚单20和洛玉4号为材料，通过对不同收获期夏玉籽粒长、乳线长、含水量、容重、千粒重及其产量效应进行研究。结果表明:玉米适时晚收具有明显
2、的增产效果。在豫西生态条件下，与玉米吐丝后45天相比（苞叶发黄籽粒基部黑色层出现），推迟10天（吐丝后55天），平均增产1116.4kg/hm2，千粒重平均提高37.89g,即每晚收1天平均增产111.6kg/hm2，千粒重增加3.79g；推迟15天（吐丝后60天），平均增产1333.63kg/hm2，千粒重平均提高42.55g,即每晚收1天平均增产88.91kg/hm2，千粒重增加2.84g。通过吐丝后天数与籽粒产量及籽粒特性的关系而建立的数学模型分析，该地区玉米粒重和产量最高值出现在吐丝后62天，至完熟期3个品种子粒乳线均未完全
3、消失;籽粒含水量下降到27%以下可作为收获期的标准。从试验结果分析，容重最高值出现在吐丝后49天，晚收影响籽粒的容重。关键词：夏玉米；适时晚收；产量；千粒重；容重EffectsofTimelyHarvestLateronSummerMaizeVarietyYieldintheWestofHenanWangYu-hong,Mengzhan-ying,WangXiang-yang,ZhangYuan,ZhangGao-de（Luoyangacademyofagriculturalscience，Luoyang，Henan,471022,
4、China）Abstract:InordertostudyonthemostsuitableharvesttimeofsummercornvarietyinthewestofHenan,thisexperimenttookZhengdan958,xundan20andLuoyu4asthematerials,andstudiedongrainlength,thelengthofmilkline,bulkdensity,1000-grainweightandyieldeffectthroughchoosingdifferentharv
5、esttime,theresultshowedthattimelyharvestlaterhadtheobviouseffectonproductionincrease.Undertheecologicalconditions,comparedwiththe45thdayafterSilking,whenharvestdaywaspostponedfor10days(the55thdayaftersilking),theproductionincreased1116.4kg/hm2,andthe1000-grainweightinc
6、reased37.89g;whenpostponedfor15days(the60thdaysaftersilking),theproductionincreased1333.63kg/hm2,and1000-grainweightincreased42.55g.Themathematicalmodelanalysisoftherelationofthedayaftersilking,grainweightandgraincharacteristicsshowedthat,themaximumofgrainweightandyiel
7、dappearedinthe62thdaysaftersilking,andthegrainmilklinesofthethreevarietieswerenotcompletelydisappeareduntilripenperiod,andwhenthegrainwatercontentdropsto27%canbeharvested.Theresultsshowedthatthegreatestbulkdensityvaluesappearedinthe49thdayaftersilking,andharvestlaterha
8、dinfluenceonthegrainbulkdensity.Keyword:Summercorn;timelyharvestlater;yield;1000-grainweight;bulkdensity5玉米适时晚収是通过延长籽
