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1、图式理论在低年级大学生英语阅读理解中的应用[Abstract]Readingplaysaninestimablepartinourstudy.Tolearnreading,tobecomeanexpertatreading,toimprovereadingquality,areadershouldlearnhowtousethethreeschemasofSchemaTheory:formalschema,linguisticschemaandcontentschema.Thisarticleintroducesformalschemafromtwoaspects:texturalstyle
2、andtransitionalwords.Andforlinguisticschema,themostimportantthingisthemeaningofvocabulary.Thearticleemphasizesusingcontextcluesandwordpartstoguessthemeaning.Whileforcontentschema,readershouldtrytoactivatehispreviousbackgroundknowledgeandpersonalpriorexperience.Thisarticleputsforwardtwomethods:predi
3、ctionandassociation.InordertounderstandanEnglishreadingperfectly,readersshouldalsousetheircriticalthinkingtoevaluatethetextandfinallyformtheirownopinions.[KeyWords]formalschema,linguisticschema,contentschema,criticalthinking【摘要】英语阅读在我们的学习中占据着不可估量的重要地位.为了学好阅读,成为阅读方面的能手,并改善阅读质量,读者应该学习如何运用图式理论的三个图式,即形
4、式图式,语言图式和内容图式.本篇论文从两个方面建立对英语阅读的形式图式,即文体和过渡词.对于语言图式,最重要的部分是词义.本文着重运用上下文及构词法来推测词义.而在内容图式中,读者应尽可能地激活背景知识及个人过去的经历.为此目的,文章提出了两个方法:预测和联想.为了能圆满地完成英语阅读,除了运用三种图式,还要求读者以自己的批判性思维,对英语阅读做出评价,形成自己的观点.【关键词】形式图式,语言图式,内容图式,批判性思维1.IntroductionThereadingdemandedincollegeisdifferentfromthereadinginhighschooloronthejob
5、orforrecreation.Collegetextbookscontainmanynewwordsorwordsusedinawaythatisdifferent,perhaps，fromthewayyoumightusethemineverydaylanguage.Everysentenceinacollegetextlooksimportantandmaybeimportant.Youknowyoucan’tlearneverythinginthebook,buthowdoyoudecidewhatisabsolutelynecessaryoressential?Hereisasit
6、uationthatmightsoundfamiliartoyou.Youhavebeenreadingandconcentratingonthetextbook.Yougettotheendofthesectionorthechapteryouarereading,andyousay,“Well,Ireadit,but17I’msureIdidn’tunderstandit.”Inthiscaseyouhavenotcomprehendedwhatyouhaveread.Youmayhavelookedateverywordonthepageandyoumayhaveeverunderst
7、oodeachword.Butattheendofthepageyouhavetoadmitthatyoudidnotunderstandwhateveritwasthatallthosewordsaddedupto.2.SchemaTheorySchemawasfirstputforwardbyGermanphilosopherKant.“Allhumanbeingspossesscategoricalru
