资源描述：
《851英语写作2010初试科目试题》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、浙江师范大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题科目代码:851科目名称:英语写作适用专业:050201英语语言文学、050211外国语言学及应用语言学、420108学科教学（英语）提示：1、请将所有答案写于答题纸上，写在试题上的不给分；2、请填写准考证号后6位：____________。I.Summarywriting(40%)Readthefollowingpassageandwriteasummaryofitinaround100wordsForpurposesofanalysis,culturemaybeexaminedatfourlevels:concretebe
2、havior,values,assumptions,andgeneralizedculturalforms.Thelastthreearenecessarilyderivedfromobservationsofbehaviorbutcanbeusefullytreatedasamotivationalexplanationunderlyingmosthumanbehavior.Viewedattheindividualleveltheyare,ineffect,internalizedcomponentsofpersonalitythataregenerallyshared
3、withothermembersoftheculturalgroupValuesarerelativelyconcrete,discrete,andspecific;forinstance,typicalAmericanvaluesarethesanctityofprivateproperty,thedesirabilityofphysicalcomfort,andtheneedfortangiblemeasuresofsuccess.Valuesalsohaveaqualityof“oughtness”andarerelativelyavailabletoindividu
4、alawareness.Apersonwilloftendiscussvalueswhenexplaininghisorherownorothers’feelingsorbehavior.Assumptions,ontheotherhand,aremoreabstractandmoreoutsideofconsciousawareness.Theyrepresentthepredispositionstheindividualemploystopatterntheworldandareusuallyfeltbytheindividualtobeanaspectofthewo
5、rlditselfandnotsimplyhisorherperceptionofit.ExamplesofAmericanassumptionareapredispositiontoseetheselfasseparatefromtheworldandtheusualendorsementof“doing”asthepreferredmeansofself-expression.Assumptionsprovideapersonwithasenseofreality--whichisonlyoneofseveralpossiblerealities--andvaluesp
6、rovideabasisforchoiceandevaluation.However,assumptionsandvaluesmergeintooneanother.Whatisanassumptionforoneindividual,orforoneculture,maybeavalueforanotherindividualorfor第3页，共3页anotherculture.Anyoneconceptheldbyapersonislikelytocombineaspectsofbothassumptionsandvalues;henceitisdifficult,an
7、doftenunimportant,todeterminewhetheritisoneortheother.Insomecasesthecognitiveprocessesunderlyingculturalthinkingaresoabstractandlackinginsubstantivereferencethattheyareprobablybestdistinguishedfromassumptionsandcalledculturalforms.Examplesincludeassumptionsabo
