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1、计算机导论笔记概要零：基本知识（填空或简答）数字的两类表示系统数字的两类表示系统位置化的数字系统非位置化的数字系统冯·诺依曼体系1.成就：冯·洛依曼计算机结构（运算器，存储器，控制器，输入、输出设备）；程序内存2.冯·洛依曼理论特点：冯·洛依曼理论特点程序存储，顺序进行程序采用二进制形式存储计算机硬件包括5大部件数据的概念：对主体有用的概念一：缩写简称ACM(AssiociationforComputingMachinery)国际计算机组织第一台通用计算机ENIAC（宾夕法尼亚大学研制）冯·洛依曼的EDVAC方案，明确了计算机由5个部件组成（运
2、算器，存储器，控制器，输入、输出设备）theprimaryanalysisofsoilphysicalandchemicalproperties,suchaspests,disinfection,pestcontrolinadvance.GardenplantgrowthbyrequiredofminimumplantingsoilthicknessshouldmeetXiatable(constructionfigureShangindicateofexcept)vegetationtypeherbflowerlawntowassmallsh
3、rubsbigshrubsshallowroottreesdeeproottreessoilthickness30(CM)30(CM)45(CM)60(CM)90(CM)120(CM)plantingsoilshouldselectionforplantgrowthofselectivesoil,ashumicacidsoil,andlawnfertilizer,andpeatsoil,andpH5.5~7.0,humidity30~70%,completelyloose,Lawnplantingsoilroughness(soilsurfac
4、eshouldbelowerthanteethpond2~5cm).2,plantinggardenoffoundationengineeringprojectsfromplanningtotheconstructionstage,focusonaftercompletionoflandscaping,theoverallgoalistocreateagoodlivingenvironmentforplants,createagardenandgreenspace.Plantengineeringoftheprojectwastocreatet
5、hebasisforplantgrowth,soil,itcanbesaidisthegardenproject,isoneofthemostimportantworks.Alsoplantedphaseofthisprojectmustbecarriedoutbythelocalsoilimprovementproject.3,seedlingselectionrequirements:(1)engineeringseedlingselectionofcookedgoods,provisionsrelatingtoplantsize.Plan
6、tprocurementspecificationscanbelarge,soastoachieveecologicaleffectinashorttime.Seedlingsshouldhave...Strong,lush,Crown-shapedfull,normalcolor,rootsystem,pestanddisease-free.(2)theprojectshouldhavegrowthrobust,lush,Crown-shapedfull,normalcolor,rootsystem,pestanddisease-free.S
7、tems,rootcausemechanicaldamage,loopingrootamputationatthewoundtopreventinfection.(3)categorytreeseedlings:aspindleshouldhaveauniformdistributionofmainbranches,branches,trunkdiameterabove运算器ALU处理器CPU二：进制之整数部分二进制转十进制111111011010010110011011取1011为例101123222120N=23×1+22×0+21×1+2
8、0×1=11二进制转八进制二进制数转为十进制再转为八进制十进制转为八进制书上26页表1-1连除法，余数倒序排列得八进制数。二进制转十六进制书上26页表
