英语的三个发展时期

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1、Chapter2DevelopmentoftheEnglishVocabularyContentsReviewofChapter1AnIntroductiontoChapter2TheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamily（印欧语系）ThreePhasesoftheHistoricalDevelopmentVocabularyPracticeHomework1.ReviewofChapter1Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensound,meaningand___.Ifwecomp

2、arevocabularytoafamily,wordsare___.Ifyou’vemastered3000Englishwords,wecanseeyouhave___vocabulary(vocabularies).Everywordhassoundandmeaningandtherelationshipbetweenthemis___and___.5.Thelastletterof“bomb”issilent,whichindicatessometimessoundisnotconsistentwith___.6.ThehugeEnglishvoc

3、abularymayfallinto___and___byusefrequency.7.By___,theEnglishwordscanbegroupedintocontentwordsandfunctionalwords.8.TheEnglishvocabularycanbeclassifiedinto___and___byorigins.9.___isthemostimportantofallfeaturesofthebasicwordstock.10.“beautiful”and“walk”belongto___,while“to”and“will”

4、belongto___.(contentwordsorfunctionalwords)11.Wordstakenoverfromforeignlanguagesareknownasborrowedwords,___or___.12.“Bazaar”isborrowedfromPersiabuthasretaineditsoriginalpronunciationandspelling.Wecallitan___.2.AnIntroductiontoChapter2WheredoesEnglishcomefrom?InwhichwayisEnglishrel

5、atedtootherlanguages?WhyareGermanicdialectsorTeutonicdialectsareknownasEnglishnow?Whatisthesizeofthevocabularyofthefirstsettlers?HowhasEnglishdevelopedintowhatisnowahugemodernvocabulary?3.TheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamilyKeyPoints:全世界大约有3000种语言，分成300个语系。印欧语系是300个语系中的一个印欧语系中的语言的基本词汇和语

6、法相似印欧语系分为10语族：东部组4个和西部组6个日耳曼语族属于西部组日耳曼语族包括：挪威语，冰岛语，丹麦语，瑞典语，德语，荷兰语，佛兰德语和英语。印欧语系中的语言对英语有影响4.ThreePhasesoftheHistoricalDevelopmentOldEnglish古英语(450---1150)MiddleEnglish中古英语(1150---1500)ModernEnglish现在英语(1500---至今)BeforeOldEnglish（古英语之前）土著居民凯尔特人(Celts)凯尔特语(Celt)入侵者罗马人(Romans)拉丁语(Latin

7、)EnglishisnotthenativelanguageoftheBritishIsles.OldEnglish(450--1150)古英语罗马军团撤退后，来自北方的皮克特人和苏格兰人又入侵了不列颠群岛。（thePictsandScots）凯尔特人向北海的日耳曼武士(Angles,Saxons,FrisianandJutes)求助。（appealto…forassistance）最终日耳曼人成了凯尔特人新的统治者。(conquerors)统治者的语言被称作Angles-Saxons.WhyisthiscountrycalledEngland?为什么这个

8、国家叫做英国？(thelandofAngles)Character