被动语态语法及练习

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1、被动语态（强化辅导）　2010.10一、①英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态　　　主动语态表示是动作的执行者　　被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者　　Cats　eat　fish.　　　（主动语态）猫吃鱼。　Fishiseatenbycats.　(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。②被动语态的构成　　由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成　　助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词TheyspeakEnglish.→Englishisspoken(bypeople)2.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were

2、/+过去分词Hewateredtheflowersjustnow.→Theflowerswerewatered(him)justnow.3.一般将来时的被动语态：shall/will+过去分词Wewillcleantheclassroom.→Theclassroomwillbecleaned(byus).4.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词Tomispickingapple.→ApplesarebeingpickingbyTom5.现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+过去分词Theworkershavebuiltahouse.→Ahousehasbeen

3、builtbytheworkers.6.情态动词的被动语态：can/should/may/must+be+过去分词Youshouldlookafterhimwell.→Heshouldbelookedafterwell.二．含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况：1、通常把间接宾语的变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留在原位置。（变间接宾语，留直接宾语）Tomgavemeabikelastyear.→IwasgivenabikebyTomlastyear.Myfatherboughtmeashirtyesterday.→Iwasboughtashirtbymyf

4、atheryesterday.2、把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，则要在间接宾语前加上介词to(make制造，buy变为被动时常用for)。Tomgavemeabikelastyear.→AbikewasgiventomebyTomlastyear.Myfatherboughtmeashirtyesterday.→Ashirtwasboughtformeyesterday.三、动词短语变为被动语态时不能漏掉其中的介词或副词。Youmustlistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.→Theteachermustbelistenedtocarefull

5、yinclass.四、主动语态中有些动词　，如：make，have，let，see，watch，hear等后面常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时要加to。Weoftenheartheboysinginthenextroom.→Theboyisoftenheardtosinginthenextroom.四．注意事项：1.不及物动词是没有被动语态：happen,takeplace,appear,hold(容纳)2.系动词是没有被动语态：Look,feel,sound,smell,taste….如：Thedishtastesgood.3.有些词组没有被动语态：s

6、ellwell,writewell,ridewell如：Thiskindofskirtsellswell.4.need表示需要时，后面常接doing形式表示被动意义，相当于tobedone.Allthecomputersneedrepairing.=Allthecomputersneedtoberepaired被动语态练习练习一：指出下列句子是主动语态还是被动语态1、Novelsentrancemanyreaders.2、Whenwillyoupaintyourhouse?3、Thecheckwillbedeliveredwhentheyareready.4、Manycoun

7、triesareexperiencingdrought.5、Manycountrieshaveexperienceddrought.6、Themountainhasbeenclimbbefore.练习二：将下列句子变为被动语态1、Didn’ttheytellyoutobeherebysixo’clock?2、Thewindblewhishatdownthestreet3、Wehaveaskedsomefriendsofherstojoinus.4、Hefoundthedoorclose.5、Theywi