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1、liveinthemountainsoftheeasternUSAspeakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.WhenAmericansmovedfromoneplacetoanother,theytooktheirdialectswiththem.SopeoplefromthemountainsinthesoutheasternUSAspeakwithalmostthesamedialectsaspeopleinthenorthwesternUSA.TheUSAisalargecountryinwhichma
2、nydifferentdialectsarespoken.AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,theystillrecognizeandunderstandeachother’sdialects. THEOXFORDENGLISHDICTIONARY YoumaythinkthatEnglishdictionarieshavebeenusedformany,manycenturies.ThespellingofEnglishhasalwaysbeenaproblembutitwasmoreofaproblemin
3、thedaysbeforeadictionary.Thenpeoplecouldspellwordindifferentwayswhichyoumightfinditinteresting.ButitmadereadingEnglishmuchmoredifficult.Sodictionarieswereinventedtoencourageeverybodytospellthesame.Infact,anEnglishdictionarylikethekindyouusetodaywasn’tmadeuntilthetimeofthel
4、ateQingDynasty.Theremendidmostoftheimportantearlyworkondictionaries:SamuelJohnson,NoahWebster,andJamesMurray.Thesemenspentnearlyalloftheirlivestryingtocollectwordsfortheirdictionaries.Forthem,itwasn’tonlyajob;itwasawonderfuljourneyofdiscovery.Thelargestdictionaryintheworld
5、istheOxfordEnglishDictionary,orOEDforshort.TheideaforthisdictionarycamefromanimportantmeetinginBritainin1857.Twenty-twoyearslater,OxfordUniversityaskedJamesMurraytobetheeditorofitsnewdictionary. Murrayhadneverbeentocollege.Attheageoffourteen,helefthisvillageschoolinScotlan
6、dandtaughthimselfwhileworkinginabank.Laterhebecameagreatteacher.AfterOxfordgavehimthejob,Murrayhadaplacebuiltinthegardenbehindhishousetodohiswork.Partofitwasonemeterunderground.Inwinteritfeltlikeabarn,hehadtowearaheavycoatandputhisfeetinaboxtokeepwarm.Everymorning,Murraygo
7、toutofbedatfiveo’clockandworkedseveralhoursbeforebreakfast.Oftenhewouldworkbythecandlelightintotheevening.Murrayhopedtofinishthenewdictionaryintenyears.Butafterfiveyears,hewasstilladdingwordsfortheletterA!thenotherswenttoworkwithMurray,includinghistwodaughters.Heworkedonth
8、edictionaryuntilhewasveryold.Forty-fouryearslater,in1928,othereditorsfinishedit.Itinclude
