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1、I1.WhatdoyouknowabouttheRomaninvasionofBritain?In55BCand54BC,JuliusCaesar,aRomangeneral,invadedBritaintwice.InAD43,theEmperorClaudiusinvadedBritainsuccessfully.Fornearly400yearsBritainwasundertheRomanoccupation,thoughitwasneveratotaloccupation.British
2、recordedhistorybeginswiththeRomaninvasion.2.WhydidtheWilliamtheConquerorinvadeEnglandafterEdward’sdeath?ItwassaidthatkingEdwardhadpromisedtheEnglishthronetoWilliambuttheWitanchoseHaroldasking.SoWilliamledhisarmytoinvadeEngland.InOctober1066,duringthei
3、mportantbattleofHastings,WilliamdefeatedHaroldandkilledhim.OnChristmasDay,WilliamwascrownedkingofEngland,thusbeginningtheNormanConquestofEngland.3.WhatweretheconsequencesoftheNormanConquest?TheNormanConquestof1066isoneofthebestknowneventsinEnglishhist
4、ory.Itbroughtaboutmanyconsequences.WilliamconfiscatedalmostallthelandandgaveittohisNormanfollowers.HereplacedtheweakSaxonrulewithastrongNormangovernment.SothefeudalsystemwascompletelyestablishedinEngland.RelationswiththeContinentwereopened,andciviliza
5、tionandcommercewereextended.Norman-Frenchculture,language,manners,andarchitecturewerebeenintroduced.ThechurchwasbroughtintocloserconnectionwithRome,andthechurchcourtswereseparatedfromthecivilcourts.4.WhatwerethecontentsandthesignificanceoftheGreatChar
6、ter?TheGreatCharter,ortheMagnaCarta,wasdocumentsignedin1215betweenthebaronsandkingJohn.Ithadaltogether63clauses,ofwhichthemostimportantcontentswerethese:(1)notaxshouldbemadewithouttheapprovaloftheGrandCouncil;(2)nofreemanshouldbearrested,imprisoned,or
7、deprivedofhispropertyexceptbythelawoftheland;(3)thechurchshouldpossessallitsrightsandprivileges;(4)Londonandothertownsshouldretaintheirancientrightsandprivileges;(5)thereshouldbethesameweightsandmeasuresthroughoutthecountry.TheGreatCharterwasastatemen
8、tofthefeudalandlegalrelationshipbetweentheCrownandthebarons,aguaranteeofthefreedomoftheChurchandalimitationofthepowersoftheking.ThespiritoftheGreatCharterwasthelimitationofthepowersoftheking,butithaslongbeenregardedasthefoundationofEnglishlibe
