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1、动词适当形式解题思路一、关于动词适当形式的解题思路★★时态(8种基本时态)谓语动词——时间状语、语境——语态(主动+被动)动词即将发生——不定式(todo)非谓语动词——和中心词的逻辑关系正在发生、主动——现在分词(doing)已经完成、被动——过去分词(done)充当名词——动名词(doing)二、做主语的非谓语动词比较类别注意点例句动名词:习惯性、经常性动作Doingexercisesregularlyisgoodforyourhealth.不定式:一次性、具体性动作Tosolvealltheproblemsatonceisimpossible.注:当动名词或不定式做主语时
2、,更多的是用it做形式主语而把真正的主语转成不定式置于句末。Itisgoodforyourhealthtodoexercisesregularly.Itisimpossibletosolvealltheproblemsatonce.某些特殊的形式主语结构,依然和动名词连用。Itisnouse/goodcryingoverthespiltmilk.三、做宾语的非谓语动词比较类别词例(仅限至本单元止已学过的动词,后学的请补充)只与动名词连用:admit,dislike,imagine,delay,consider,mind,understand,avoid,enjoy,practi
3、se,miss,finish,keep,suggest,risk,overlook,advise,allow,forbid,appreciate,advocate,resist,stand,putoff,can’thelp,feellike,beworth只与不定式连用:agree,beg,dare,decide,expect,fail,happen,hesitate,hope,intend,manage,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,swear,wish,plan,get,help两者皆用无区别:continue,prefer,begin,ha
4、te,start,love两者皆用有区别:forget,remember,regret,mean,try,goon,like,need/want/require注:①介词短语后面只接动名词,尤其关注介词to后接动名词的情况,易与不定式混淆。如:payattentionto,lookforwardto,be/getusedto,berelated/linkedto,bethekeyto,beonone’swayto,makecontributionsto,devote……to,thanksto,inadditionto,objectto,prefer……to(仅限至本单元止已学过
5、的动词,后学的请补充)②尤其关注后接不定式和动名词时,区别很大的动词。Iforgottoreturnthemoneytoyou.我忘记要还钱给你了。(钱未还)Iforgotreturningthemoneytoyou.我忘记已经还过你钱了。(钱已还)Theheadmasterhavemeanttoputoffthesportsmeeting.校长打算推迟运动会。Theheavyrainmeansputtingoffthesportsmeeting.大雨意味着运动会推迟了。Tomtriedtowalkagainafterhislegwasbadlyhurt.(Tom努力地行走)I
6、fyoufeeltoofull,youcantrywalkingafterameal.(你可以尝试着走走)Thecomputerneedsrepairing.=Thecomputerneedstoberepaired.③有些动词接动名词做宾语,但接不定式做宾补。Iconsiderbuyingacomputer.Iconsidercomputerstobeausefultoolofcommunication.Wedon’tallowsmokinghere,soyouarenotallowedtosmokehere.Ourtheatreforbidstakingdogsin.Wef
7、orbidpeopletotakedogsin.Headvisedaskingourteacherforhelp.Headvisedustoaskourteacherforhelp.四、做宾语补足语的非谓语动词比较(适用“解题思路”)类别与宾语的逻辑关系例句不定式:过程性、即将发生Ioftenhearhersingnextdoor.(唱的过程)Weinvitedhertosingforhermum.(即将唱)现在分词:主动性、正在进行Iheardhersingingnextdoor.(正在唱