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1、UsingLEDLightingforUbiquitousIndoorWirelessNetworkingAbstract—Wirelessnetworkingiscurrentlydominatedbyradiofrequency(RF)techniques.However,thesoon-to-beubiquityofLED-basedlightingmotivatedbysignificantenergysavingsprovidesanopportunisticdeploymentofwidespreadfree-
2、spaceoptical(FSO)communications.LED-basednetworktransceivershaveavarietyofcompetitiveadvantagesoverRFincludinghighbandwidthdensity,security,energyconsumption,andaesthetics.Theyalsouseahighlyreusableunregulatedpartofthespectrum(visiblelight).Inthispaperwedescribere
3、sultsfromapilotprojecttodemonstratetheviabilityofanopticalfree-spacevisiblelighttransceiverasabasisforindoorwirelessnetworking.Inexpensive,commercial,off-theshelfLEDsandphotodiodeswereusedtoconstructtwoprototypes;asimplexchannelasexpectedasacomponentofanasymmetric
4、/hybridRF-FSOsystem,andafull-duplexchanneldemonstratingtheabilitytoisolatemultiplechannels.On-offkeying(OOK)wasappliedwithoutobservableflickerinthetargetmodulationranges.ResultsindicatetheviabilityofcreatinginexpensiveFSOtransceiversthatmightbeembeddedincommercial
5、lightingproductstosupportceiling-to-floordistancesofapproximately3m.IndexTerms—Wirelessnetworking,indoorcommunications,free-spaceopticalcommunications,visiblelightLED,modulation,OOK:ONOFFShiftKeying,FSO:FreeSpaceOptics,RF:RadioFrequency.Ⅰ.INTRODUCTIONWIRELESSnetwo
6、rkingisdominatedbytheuseofradiofrequency(RF)techniques.Thedesireforlow-cost,high-speedlinkshasmotivatedrecentinterestininfraredwirelesscommunication.AtthesametimetherapiddevelopmentofnewLEDmaterialsinthevisiblespectrum,particularly“white”LEDsmotivatesconsideration
7、ofvisiblelightasacommunicationmediumsinceitisexpectedtobewidelyadoptedasthenextformofillumination.Withitssignificantenergysavingsoverincandescentandcompactfluorescenttechnologiesthisadoptioncreatesanopportunityinthereplacementofdevices.BecauseLEDsareeasilymodulate
8、dforcommunications,thereisacorrespondingopportunitytoinsertwirelessLED-basedcommunicationintotheseilluminationdevicesasintroducedbytheVisibleLightCommun
