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1、南京工业大学本科生毕业论文各专业完整优秀毕业论文设计图纸各专业完整优秀毕业论文设计图纸PVDF膜材料表面的耐碱老化研究摘要聚偏氟乙烯是一种半结晶聚合物,具有较强的疏水性,能流延成膜,易受到有机物,特别是蛋白质的吸附而造成膜污染。针对膜污染,用较高浓度的NaOH碱液在高温下对膜进行清洗。但在清洗过程中,我们发现PVDF在碱液下逐渐变黄甚至发黑,PVDF的膜结构被破坏,减短了PVDF膜的使用寿命。本实验正是基于此,采用改变PVDF表面结晶形态的方法对PVDF进行改性,从而提高其耐碱性。PVDF常见的晶体结构主要有三种:β、α、γ晶型。而溶
2、剂和不同温度对膜结晶性能以及各种晶型的产生都有比较宏观的影响。根据文献及前期摸索,实验主要从以下三方面进行:成膜工艺、结晶形态、表面形貌结构对PVDF膜耐碱性的影响。我们着重研究了PVDF膜材料在不同亲核试剂(氢氧根、乙胺)进攻下的脱氟降解过程,以及表面结构对此界面层脱氟降解反应的影响。在相同的侵蚀环境下,PVDF溶剂膜脱氟降解速度和程度要远远高于PVDF熔融膜。溶剂膜老化速度要快于熔融膜。含α晶型较多的PVDF膜耐碱老化性能明显要强于含α晶型多的PVDF膜。表面排布较规整的样品更耐碱老化。关键词:聚偏氟乙烯耐碱性结晶形态脱氟降解27
3、南京工业大学本科生毕业论文AlkaliresistanceofPoly(vinylidenefluoride)filmAbstractPVDFisasemi-crystallinepolymer,withstronghydrophobicity,castfilm,vulnerabletoorganiccompounds,especiallyproteinadsorptionandmembranefoulingcaused.Membranefouling,withahighconcentrationofNaOHalkalinesolut
4、ionunderhightemperatureonmembranecleaning.Butintheprocessofcleaning,wefindPVDFlyegraduallyturnyelloworevenblack,PVDFmembranestructuresaredestroyed,reducedtheuseofPVDFmembranelife.Thisexperimentisbasedonthis,usingthechangeofsurfacemorphologyofPVDFmethodstobemodified,ther
5、ebyimprovingitsalkaliresistance.ButwithdifferentsolventsandtemperatureonpropertiesofmembranecrystallizationandCrystalhaveawiderimpact.Accordingtohistoricalandearlyexploring,theexperimentfromthefollowingthreemainareas:filmformingprocess,Crystalmorphology,effectofsurfacem
6、orphologystructureonalkaliresistanceofPVDFmembrane.WefocusonPVDFmembranematerialindifferentnucleophileshydroxyl,ethylaminedefluorinationprocessunderattack,andsurfacestructureonthedegradationeffectsoffluorinegas-fluidinterface.Underthesameerosionenvironment,solventPVDFme
7、mbranedefluorinationdegradationlevelofspeedandmuchhigherthanthemeltingfilmofPVDF.Solventfilmagingfasterthanmeltingfilm.PVDFmembranecontainingαCrystalmoreagingpropertiesofalkali–resistantnoticeablystrongerthanαcrystalofPVDFmembrane.Alkaliresistanceofsurfacelayoutmorestru
8、cturedsamplesmoreaging.Keywords:poly(vinylidenefluoride);alkaliresistance;crystal;defluorinationofdegradation2