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1、黄河口滨海湿地水质污染物现状研究中国环境科学2011,31(10):1705-1710ChinaEnvironmentalScience黄河口滨海湿地水质污染物现状研究刘峰,一,李秀启,董贯仓,秦玉广,陈有光,王志忠,王芳(1.山东省淡水水产研究所,山东济南250013;2.中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东青岛266003)摘要:于2009年5月(枯水期),8月(丰水期)和11月(平水期)在黄河入海口滨海湿地典型水域选取14个调查站点采集水样,测定水体营养盐,重金属,石油类等22项污染指标,采用内梅罗指数和综合营养状态指数评价法对水质污染现状进行研究和评价.结果表明
2、,滨海湿地整体水质属于轻度富营养化水平,并呈现逐年加剧趋势.湿地湖泊,黄河敌道,国家自然保护区,养殖池塘等静态水域污染较轻,以广利河,挑河,神仙沟,小岛河,孤东油田排涝沟为代表的支流水体污染较重,明显超过黄河主干河道.调查发现滨海湿地水体主要污染物为TN,TP,石油烃,Hg,NH4—N,UIA和Chl—a等.与历史数据对比,湿地水体氮磷污染明显加剧,石油烃和Hg污染未见显着增长,其他重金属含量均未超标,整体水质污染形势不容乐观.关键词:黄河口滨海湿地;水质污染;内梅罗指数;综合营养状态指数中图分类号:X508文献标识码:A文章编号:1000—6923(2011)10—1705
3、—06WaterpollutionofYellowRiverestuarycoastalwetland.LIUFeng',LIXiu—qi,DONGGuan-cang,QINYu-guang,CHENYou-guang,WANGZhi-zhong,WANGFang2(1.FreshwaterFisheriesResearchInstituteofShandongProvince,Jinan250013,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofMariculture,MinistryofEducation,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266
4、003,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2011,31(10):1705～1710Abstract:14representativewater-samplesiteswereselectedaroundthecoasta1wetlandofYellowRiverEstuaryandthreetimessurveyswerecarriedoutonMay(dryperiod),August(wetperiod)andNovember(1evelperiod),respectively.22pollutionindexessuchasnutrit
5、ivesalt,heavymetal,petroleumetc.weremeasured.ThepollutionstatusWasassessedwithNemeroIndexandcomprehensivenutritionalstatusindex(TLI).TheresultsshowedthatthewaterqualityofcoastalwetlandWaslighteutrophicationanddeterioratedwitheachpassingyear.Theslightpollutionsiteswerefoundatwetlandlakes,Yel
6、lowRiveroldcourse,thenationalnaturereserve,culturepondsandotherstaticstatewaterarea,whereasthetributarieslikeGuangliRiver,TiaoRiver,ShenxiangouRiver,XiaodaoRiverandGudongoilfieldsdrainageditchwereseriouspollutedwhichweremoreseriouspollutedthantheYellowRiver.TN,TNH4_N,UIA,Chl—aandpetroleumwe
7、remainpollutantsatcoastalwetland.Asforthepollutionofnitrogenandphosphorus,comparingwithhistoricaldata,deterioratedsignificantly.ThewholewaterqualitywasnotoptimisticinYellowRiverestuary,althoughnosignificantlyincreaseofpetroleumpollutantsandHgpollutionand
