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1、遥感原理与应用考试问答题（Theprincipleofremotesensingandtheapplicationofquizquestion）3.Q&a(40points)1.BriefintroductionoftheprincipleofthenetworkofGPS(12points)Answer:forthebenefitofusers,GPSnetworkgraphicdesignshouldfollowthefollowingprinciples:(1)thelayoutoftheGPSnetworkshallbe
2、basedonthepurpose,thesatelliteconditionsoftheoperation,theaccuracyexpectedtobeachieved,thereliabilityoftheresultsandtheworkefficiency,accordingtotheprincipleofoptimizationdesign.(2)GPSnetworkgenerallyconstituteaclosedgraphshouldbethroughindependentobservation,suchaso
3、neorseveralindependentobservationring,orannexedlineform,toincreasethecheckconditionandimprovethereliabilityofnetwork.(3)althoughitisnotrequiredtoconnectthedotsbetweenpointsandpointsintheGPSnetwork,itshouldbebeneficialtotheapplicationofencryptioncontrolaccordingtothec
4、onventionalmeasurementmethods.(4)incaseofpossibleconditions,thenewlyinstalledGPSnetworkshouldbeconnectedwiththeexistingGPSpointsnearby;NewlayoutofGPSnetworkshouldbeoriginalcontrolpointsareconnectedwiththeground,asfaraspossibleconnectionplaceofcoincidencepointsshouldn
5、otbelessthanthree,anduniformdistribution,inordertoreliablydeterminethetransformationparametersbetweenGPSnetworkwiththeoriginalnetwork.(5)GPSnodesshouldbeusedtomeasureelevationattheexistinglevel.Whatistherelativisticeffect?(8)A:GPSsatelliteinhighorbit20200km,satellite
6、clockbythespecialtheoryofrelativityeffectandeffectofgeneraltheoryofrelativity,thefrequencyandthegroundstationaryclockphaseratio,frequencyoffsetwilloccur,thisisthemustconsiderakindofprecisionpositioningerrorfactor.3.WhatfactorsshouldbeconsideredinGPStechnologydesign?(
7、10)A:thetechnicaldesignismainlycarriedoutaccordingtothesurveyassignmentandGPSmeasurementspecificationsissuedbythesuperiorauthorities.Itsgeneralprincipleistominimizetheamountofmaterial,manpowerandtimerequiredtomeettheuser'srequirements.Intheprocessofwork,considerthefo
8、llowingfactors:(1)thestationfactor;(2)satelliteelements;(3)instrumentalfactors;(4)logisticalfactors.4.Howtoreducemultipatherror(10p
