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1、附件3：外文文献原文PLCApplicationintheControlofCIAE-30Cyclotron1OverviewAPLCconsistsofaCentralProcessingUnit(CPU)containinganapplicationprogramandInputandOutputInterfacemodules,whichisdirectlyconnectedtothefieldI/Odevices.TheprogramcontrolsthePLCsothatwhenaninput
2、signalfromaninputdeviceturnsON,theappropriateresponseismade.TheresponsenormallyinvolvesturningONanoutputsignaltosomesortofoutputdevices.Inanautomatedsystem,thePLCiscommonlyregardedastheheartofthecontrolsystem.Withacontrolapplicationprogram(storedwithinth
3、ePLCmemory)Inexecution,thePLCconstantlymonitorsthestateofthesystemthroughthefieldinputdevices’feedbacksignal.Itwillthenbasedontheprogramlogictodeterminethecourseofactiontobecarriedoutatthefieldoutputdevices.ThePLCmaybeusedtocontrolasimpleandrepetitivetas
4、k,orafewofthemmaybeinterconnectedtogetherwithotherhostcontrollersorhostcomputerthroughasortofcommunicationnetwork,inordertointegratethecontrolofacomplexprocess.Ingeneral,aControlSystemisacollectionofelectronicdevicesandequipmentwhichareinplacetoensurethe
5、stability,accuracyandsmoothtransitionofaprocessoramanufacturingactivity.Ittakesanyformandvariesinscaleofimplementation,fromapowerplanttoasemi-conductormachine.Asaresultofrapidadvancementoftechnology,complicatedcontroltasksaccomplishedwithahighlyautomated
6、controlsystem,whichmaybeinthefielddevices（suchasoperatorpanel,motors,sensors,switches,solenoidvalvesandetc.）,capabilitiesinnetworkcommunicationenableabigscaleimplementationandprocessco-ordinationbesidesprovidinggreaterflexibilityinrealizingdistributedcon
7、trolsystem.Everysinglecomponentinacontrolsystemplaysanimportantroleregardlessofsize.AtypicalPLCcontrolsystemconsistsofthehardware,softwareandnetworkcomponents,togetherwiththecontrolledfunctionsandassociateddocumentation.ThePLChardwarecanincludearack,powe
8、rsupply,CPU,networkinterfacecard,digitaloranalogI/Ocards,andotherspecialpurposecardssuchashigh-speedcounter,motioncontrol,pulseinputandothers.ThesoftwareportionofaPLCcontrolsysteminvolvesfirmware–whichistheoperatingsystemi
