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1、which与as引导非限制性定语从句的异同which与as一样,都可以引导非限制性定语从句,它们既有相同之处,也有差别。因此在实际运用中容易混淆。它们的某些用法在高考中也会考查。一.相同点。两者引导非限制性定语从句时,可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容,在从句中做主语,宾语或表语,位于主句之后有时可互换。Themeetingwasputoff,as/whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.Hewasadoctor,as/whichIknewfromhismanner.二.不同点1.as可指其前后主句提到的事实或情况,
2、因此引导的非限制性从句位置比较灵活,which可以放在主句前后,也可插入主句之中;而which引导的非限制性从句只能位于主句之后。Asisknowntoall,fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.Air,asweknow,isgas.2.在非限制性从句中,which后的be动词不可省;as而后的be动词可以省略。Shetoldmeshewonthematch,whichwasalie.Thematerialiselastic,as(was)showninthefigure.3.which在非限制性定语从句做主语时可用
3、各类动词做谓语;而在非限制性定语从句做主语时,谓语常用连系动词,如be,seem,become等,一般不用其他行为动词。Hesawthegirl,whichdelightedhim.Hedidn’tsayanythingatthemeeting,as/whichseemedverystrange.4.如果主句中叙述的事情与从句所涉及的意向一致,多用as,用以对主句的意义进行补充;如果不一致,就用whichShehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Hebroketherulesagain,whichwasune
4、xpected.5.如表示“如同。。。那样,按照,正如”含义,常用as,这里as主要起与上下文联系的作用,表达说话人的看法,并指出内容,出处和根据等,常用的结构有asweknow(众所周知)asoftenhappens(正如常发生的那样)asisoftenthecase(情况常常如此)asweallcansee(正如我们看到的)be+announced/expected/known/imagined/mentioned/said/shown/reported(正如所。。。)等。这些结构常放句首,偶尔也可以放句中或句末Asisknow
5、ntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Katewaslateforschool,asoftenhappened.6.在非限制性定语从句中关系代词指代主句中某一个单词时,常用whichMybrotherenjoyedplayingbasketball,whichhereallyplayswell.Beijing,whichhewasbornin,isourcapital.7.在非限制性定语从句中“介词+关系代词(介宾代物)”中关系代词只能用whichTheTravelAgency,withwhichourc
6、ompanyhasbeendealingforseveralyears,hasopenedfornewbranchesAirisamixtureofgases,ofwhichoxgenforms21percent.8.有时用case,point,time,situation或reason等抽象名词来总结主句的内容,可用“介词+which+抽象名词”构成从句Tenyearsofhardworkchangedhergreatly,forwhichreasonhecouldhardlyrecogniseheratfirstsight.Th
7、emachinemaybeoutoforder,inwhichcaseitwillberepairedatonce.9.在非限制性定语从句关系代词用以代表主句中谓语的整个概念,从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,常用whichHecanwritealetterinEnglish,whichIcannot.Metalwillbearbeatingwithahammer,whichastonewilllnot10.在非限制性定语从句关系代词代表前面主句中的宾语从句时,常用whichHesaidhehadpassedtheexam,whichw
8、asuntrue.1.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,____meantspendingtenso