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1、总结气象站自记仪故障排除手段1各种自记仪器笔位需要调整的标准1allkindsofrecordingpenpositionneedtoadjustthestandardinstrument 将自记值同实测值比较,若两者相差较大,当气压计误差>±1.5hpa,温度计误差>±1.0℃,湿度计误差≥10%时,应及时调整仪器笔位。虹吸雨量计:排水完毕后若不停留在自记纸0线上,虹吸作用开始时自记笔尖未指在10mm处,应及时调整自记笔位(无降水时自记纸可连续使用8~10d,需每天加注1.0mm水量来抬高笔位,以免每日迹线重叠)[3]。Recordingvaluecomparedwithmeasu
2、redvalues,ifthetwolargedifference,whenerror>+1.5hpabarometer,thermometererror>plusorminus1.0℃,humiditymetererrorof10%ormore,shouldtimelyadjusttheinstrumentpen.Siphonraingauge:afterthedrainageifzerolinedoesnotstayontherecordingpaper,siphoneffectatthebeginningoftherecordingpennotreferstothe10mm,sh
3、ouldtimelyadjusttherecordingpen(withoutprecipitationrecordingpapercancontinuoususe8~10d,needstobeloadedwith1.0mmofwatereverydaytoraisethepen,soastoavoiddailytraceoverlap)[3]. 2自记值与实测值相差过大的主要原因2withthefieldrecordingvarytoomuch (1)温度计与干球读数相差过大。主要原因有:感应部分(双金属片)上积有灰尘或水,干球或温度计数值误读;干球上积有灰尘或水;温度表内刻度磁
4、板破损,毛细管内有水银滴、黑色沉淀的氧化物,水银柱中断等。(1)anddrybulbthermometerreadingsdiffertoomuch.Mainreasonsare:inductionpart(bimetallicstrip)onthedepositionofdustorwater,drybulbthermometerornumericalmisunderstanding;Drybulbproductwithdustorwater;Thermometercalibrationwithinthemagneticplatebreakage,mercuryincapillary
5、precipitationdrops,blackoxide,mercuryinterrupt,etc. (2)湿度计与干湿球读数相差过大。对湿度计来说,可能是遇恶劣天气或久未清洗,毛发变脏(沾上灰尘),影响脱脂毛发的收缩与扩张,毛发脱落(钩),天气骤变,仪器的滞后性等造成两者相差过大。对于干湿球,则可能是蒸馏水不纯、纱布包扎过紧或被污染、湿球无水或太少甚至不到2/3、水杯中有水但久未清洗水杯、干湿球可能误读;冬季溶冰不当、调整笔位时的天气条件不适宜、调整笔位时影响放大倍率等。(2)withwetanddrybulbhygrometerreadingdiffertoomuch.Form
6、oisturemeter,islikelytoencounterbadweatherornotclean,hairbecomedirty(touchdirt),affectskimmedthecontractionandexpansionofthehair,hairloss(hook),theweatherchangedandinstrumentcausebothdiffertoomuchlagandsoon.Forwetanddrybulb,couldbedistilledwaterisnotpure,gauzebandagetootightorcontaminated,wetbal
7、llessthantwo-thirdsofnowaterortoolittle,havewaterinthecupbutforalongtimenottocleanwater,wetanddrybulbcouldread;Meltingiceinwinter,theweatherduringyourpenwhenconditionsarenotappropriate,yourpenmagnification,etc. (3)气压计与动槽水银表
