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1、微生物学笔记4（Microbiologynotes4）NotesonMicrobiology(WuhanUniversity-ShenPingEdition)-biologyshowEleventhchaptersPathogenicmicroorganisms(Pathogenic)(microorganism)amicroorganismthatparasitesonorganisms(includinghumans)andcausesdisease.Alsoknownaspathogens(pathogen).TheInfection(infection)isalsocalledin
2、fection:thepathologicalprocesscausedbytheinteractionoforganismandpathogenundercertainconditions.Pathogens,hostsandtheenvironmentarethreefactorsthatdeterminetheoutcomeofaninfectionTheestablishmentofaninfectionrequiresfirstcontactwithpathogens.Theyhavetheabilitytoinvade,host,grow,reproduce,andproduc
3、etoxicsubstances.Infectionisnotsynonymouswithdisease,Mostinfectionsaresubclinical,lessobvious,anddonotproduceanysignificantsignsorsymptoms.Somepathogens,afterinitialinfection,havepotentiallyaffectedformanyyears.Pathogenscanalsoformsymbioticrelationshipswiththeirhosts.Infectiousdisease:adiseasecaus
4、edbyalivingpathogenthatisessentiallydifferentfromthediseasecausedbyotherpathogenicfactors.Infectiousdiseasesarebasicallycharacterizedbypathogens,infectious,endemic,endemicandseasonal,andimmune.TheImmunity(immunity):organismscanrecognizethemselvesandnonselves,andreacttononselftomaintaintheirhomeost
5、asis,Thetraditionalconceptofimmunityistheabilityofthebodytoresistpathogenicmicroorganisms,thatis,antiinfectiveimmunity.Withthedevelopmentofscience,themodernconceptofimmunityhasgreatlyexceededthescopeofantiinfectiousimmunity.Infact,inadditiontothebodyofmicrobialstimulation,canproduceimmunereaction,
6、forallforeignantigens,evenchangedtheircompositionalsocanreact,andthereactionresultsmaybegoodforhealth,butalsomaybeharmful.Classificationofimmunefunction:categoryNormalfunction,abnormalfunction,immunedefenseResisttheinvasionofpathogensandneutralizetheirtoxins(antiinfectiveimmunity)Allergies,recurre
7、ntinfections,orimmunodeficiencysyndromeimmunologichomeostasisEliminatethenaturalagingordamagedcellsinthebodyandregulatetheimmunesysteminordertomaintaintherelativestabilityoftheenvironmentinsidethebodyTheidentific
