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1、人称和数人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I(我)memy(我的)复数we(我们)usour(我们的)第二人称单数you(你)youyour(你的)复数you(你们)youyour(你们的)第三人称单数he(她)himhis(他的)单数she(他)herher(她的)单数it(它)itIts(它的)复数they(他们)themthere(他们的)名词复数规则情况构成动词原形第三人称单数一般结尾加-sBookcatBagbedBookscatsBagsbeds以s/x/sh/ch/结尾加-esbuswatchboxbrushbuseswatc
2、hesboxesbrushes以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-esfamilystrawberryfamiliesstrawberries以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v,再加-esknifeknives不规则变化:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japa
3、nese形容词的比较级变化规则情况构成动词原形现在分词形式一般结尾直接在词尾加-erTallstrongtallerstronger以不发音的字母e结尾加-rfinefiner以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-erfunnyfunnier以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾字母加-erBigthinhotbiggerthinnerhotter一般现在时:当主语是第三人称单数(he,she,it,人名,单数的事物以及不可数的)的时候,后面的谓语动词一定要用动词的第三人称单数形式。动词的第三人称单数形式构成规则情况构成动词原形第三
4、人称单数一般动词原形结尾加-scookmilkcooksmilks以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾加-eswashwatchgodoguesswasheswatchesgoesdoes以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-esStudyStudies其他havehas动词的现在分词形式构成方法情况构成动词原形现在分词形式一般动词原形结尾加-inggoaskGoingasking以不发音的字母e结尾去e加-ingWritecloseMaketasteWritingclosingMakingtasting以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末
5、尾字母加-ingswimsitbeginrunstopswimmingsittingBeginningRunningstopping动词的过去式构成规则情况构成动词原形过去式形式一般动词原形结尾加-edwatchplayvisitcleanwatchedplayedvisitedcleaned以不发音的字母e结尾去e加-dLikeuseliveLikedusedlived以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-edStudycarryworryStudiedcarriedworried双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)stopsikpstoppe
6、dsikpped不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing–sang,eat–ate,see–saw,have–had,do–did,go–went,take–took,buy–bought,get–got,read–read,fly–flew,am/is–was,are–were,say–said,leave–left,swim–swam,tell–told,draw–drew,come–came,lose–lost,find–found,drink–drank,hurt–hurt,feel–felt