土木工程专业英语重点词汇

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1、highwayconstruction公路施工,layeredconstruction层铺法施工wastedeposit弃土堆fill填方cut挖方compaction压实degreeofcompaction压实度compactiontest击实试验drydensity干密度Moisture(water)content含水量roller压路机structuralmechanics结构力学；structuraldesign结构设计deadload恒载liveload活载verticalforce竖向力horizontalforce水平力Comp

2、ressivestress压应力Tensilestress拉应力Shearingforce剪切力Tensilestrength抗拉强度Compressivestrength抗压强度Reinforcedconcrete钢筋混凝土Plain(unreinforced)concrete素混凝土Prestressedconcrete预应力混凝土Pretensioningmethod先张法Posttensioningmethod后张法Precastconcrete预制混凝土Contract:合同，契约；EngineeringContract：工程合同c

3、ontractterm:合同条款breachofcontract:违约Bidders：投标人，出价人competitivebidding竞标,公开招标lump-sumcontract总价合同unitpricecontract单价合同contractor承包商alignment:线形alignmentdesign:geometricdesign线形设计Horizontalalignment:平面线形Verticalalignment：纵面线形Circularcurves圆曲线Spiralortransitioncurves缓和曲线Simplec

4、urves单曲线Compoundcurves复曲线Convexcurves:crestverticalcurves凸曲线Concavecurves:sagverticalcurves凹曲线Designspeed:principalfactor设计车速superelevation超高sightdistance视距Pavement:路面，铺砌层Rrigidpavement：刚性路面Flexiblepavement：柔性路面bituminousconcretepavement沥青混凝土路面2bituminousmixture沥青混合料面层basec

5、ourse基层subbase底基层bedcourse垫层semi-rigidbase半刚性基层subgrade路基embankment路堤cutting路堑式partcut-partfillsubgrade半填半挖式joint接缝constructionjoint施工缝Longitudinaljoint纵向接缝Transversejoint横向接缝Expansionjoint胀缝Coarseaggregate粗集料Fineaggregate细集料Filler填料Chips石屑Mineralpowder矿粉Crushedstone/Broken

6、stone碎石gradation：级配gradingcurve：级配曲线Gapgraded（间断级配）Continuouslygraded（连续级配）Penetration(针入度）Softeningpoint（软化点）Penetrationindex（针入度指数）Brittlepoint（脆点）Ductility（延度）Durability（耐久性）Controlofaccess(出入口控制）Gradeseparation立体交叉Pavenmentmarking(路面标线）Viaduct高架桥deckbridge上承式桥throughbri

7、dge下承式桥Span跨径computedspan计算跨径clearspan净跨径Short-spanbridge小跨径桥Medium-spanbridge中跨径桥Long-spanbridge大跨径桥beam(girder)bridge梁桥Archbridge拱桥cablestayedbridge斜拉桥(斜张桥)suspensionbridge悬索桥rigidframebridge刚构桥Bridgesubstructure下部结构Bridgesuperstructure上部结构Bearing支座Pier桥墩Abutment桥台Mainspa

8、n：主跨Sidespan:边跨Foundation基础pilefoundation桩基础预制桩precastpile就地灌注桩cast-in-placeconcre