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1、1.WhatarethemajorfeaturesoftheRomanticMovementinBritainbetween1790and1830?TheEnglishRomanticperiodisanageofpoetry.Wordsworth,Coleridge,Byron,ShellyandKeatsarethemajorRomanticpoets.Theystartedarebellionagainsttheneoclassicalliterature,whichwaslaterregardedast
2、hepoeticrevolution.Theybelievedthatpoetrycouldpurifybothindividualsoulsandthesociety.TheLyricalBalladsbyWordsworthandColeridgein1798actsasamanifestofortheEnglishRomanticism.TheRomanticsnotonlyeulogize(颂扬)thefaculty(能力)ofimagination,butalsostresstheconceptofs
3、pontaneityandinspiration,regardingthemassomethingcrucialfortruepoetry.Thenaturalworldcomestotheforefrontofthepoeticimagination.Natureisnotonlythemajorsourceofpoeticimagery,butalsoprovidesthedominantsubjectmatter.Theyadvocatefreedomfromclassicalrulesandtradit
4、ions.Romanticsturntothehumblepeopleandtheireverydaylifeforsubjects.Romanticwritersarealwaysseekingfortheabsolute,theidealthroughthetranscendence(杰出)oftheactual.Theyprefertowriteaboutsomethingexotic,remote,mysterious,weird,monstrousandevensatanic.2.Commentbri
5、eflyonnaturalismandcriticisminHardy’snovels.Inhisworks,manisshowninevitablyboundbyhisowninherentnatureandhereditary(遗传性的)traitswhichprompthimtogoandsearchforsomespecifichappinessorsuccessandsethiminconflictwiththeenvironment.Theoutsidenature---thenaturalenvi
6、ronmentorNatureherself---isshownassomemysterioussupernaturalforce.ThoughnaturalismseemstohaveplayedanimportantpartinHardy’sworks,thereisalsobitterandsharpcriticism,andevenopenchallengeofirrational,hypocriticalandunfairVictorianinstitutions,conventionsandmora
7、lswhichstrangle(抑制，压制)theindividualwillanddestroynaturalhumanemotionsandrelationships.3.WhatarethemainfeaturesofRomance?(1)Expressiveness:Insteadofregardingpoetryas“amirrortonature”,theromanticsholdthattheobjectoftheartistshouldbetheexpressionoftheartist’sem
8、otions,impressions,orbeliefs.Theroleofinstinct,intuition,andthefeelingsof“theheart”isstressedinsteadofneoclassicists’emphasison“thehead”,onregularity,uniformity,decorum,andimitationoftheclassica
